1. Dr. Hasmaliza Mohamad Radin Shafinaz Jamil Materials Engineering

2. The Synthesis of Porous Alumina Trough Sol-gel Combustion for Biomedical Application Enhance the osteoblast adhesion

3. Background:  Major causes of implant loosening: incomplete osseointergration (Khang, 2008).  To overcome: modifying the implant/bone interface (Baxter, 2000).  Nanoporous alumina with the pore sizes range between 30 – 80 nm has been develop by two-step anodization (Karlsson, 2003).  The nanoporous alumina did improve the osteoblast adhesion. Present study:  Nanoporous alumina with 30 – 80 nm will be produce trough sol – gel combustion. Objective:  To use porous alumina produced trough sol-gel combustion to enhance the interface of bone cell and implant device (bone cell adhesion)

4. Alumina Properties  High strength and modulus.  High wear resistance  Chemical inertness

5. Function of nanoporous alumina With nanoporous structure the adsorption of the proteins and minerals will give a better result for the adhesion. ingrowths tissue trough the pores Increase interfacial area Increase movement resistance Establishment of interface

6. Figure: Alumina will be place between bone – implant device

7. Combustion Advantages:  time and energy savings.  Can produce homogeneous, high-purity and high crystalline oxide ceramic powders  Capable to produce a pure phase with ultrafine powder at a low calcinations temperature  Environmentally clean processing Easy technique to produce porous structure.

8. Porous alumina produce via combustion with magnification of 10K X

9. Flow Process: Solution of mixture Raw materials combustion Foamy product calcine α - alumina

10. Parameters & Properties variation Type of fuel Fuel–to–oxidizer ratio Ignition temperature Pore size Pore distribution Pore shape Effect ParametersProperties