1. Kalaignar Housing Scheme K.Ashok Vardhan Shetty, IAS Principal Secretary to Govt., Municipal Administration & Water Supply Department Tamil Nadu 30.9.2010

2. Tamil Nadu – basic facts 32 Districts, including Chennai Urban District. 385 Blocks 12,618 Village Panchayats About 85,000 Habitations Rural Population – about 3.6 Crores (2001 Census) Integrated Rural Development and Panchayat Raj Department, with full-fledged Engineering Wing 1,20,000 PRI Representatives 1,02,000 Staff

3. Census Definitions Permanent Houses – both walls & roof made of permanent materials. –e.g. Walls made of burnt bricks, stone, concrete, etc., –Roof made of tiles, concrete, G.I., metal, Asbestos sheets, etc. Temporary Houses – both walls & roof made of temporary materials. –e.g. Walls made of mud, unburnt bricks, plastic, bamboo, etc., –Roof made of thatch, bamboo, wood, mud, plastic, etc. Semi-permanent Houses – either wall or roof made of temporary materials, and the other made of permanent materials

4. Temporary Houses in Tamil Nadu – Census 2001 23% of households in Tamil Nadu live in temporary houses All India average – 18% Rural TN – 33% (1/3 rd ) Urban TN – 10% (1/10 th )

8. Huts in Rural Tamil Nadu Estimate of number of Huts to be replaced  Census 2001 figures  Less IAY Allocations  Add for natural growth rate 21 Lakhs, over a six-year period under State funds

9. Indira Awaas Yojana Allocation to Tamil Nadu Sl.No.YearPhysical Allocation 1.2004-0525,271 2.2005-0646,891 3.2006-0749,850 4.2007-0869,239 5.2008-0969,234 6.2009-101,35,265 7.2010 -111,02,939 Relying upon IAY alone will take over 30 Years to clear the backlog.

10. Kalaignar Housing Scheme As an add-on to IAY, and much larger in scope and scale. Tamil Nadu – the first hut-free State in the country by 2016. By far the largest State-funded Scheme, with an annual outlay of Rs.2,250 crores (3,00,000 houses). 2 nd largest Scheme implemented by the State, next only to MGNREGS-TN with a labour budget of Rs.2900 crores.

11. Kalaignar Housing Scheme (contd.) Replacing all Huts with Thatched Roof, irrespective of the type of the wall, with permanent houses over a 6-year period, 2011-16. Only huts with proper title – liberal interpretation of title In situ construction; alternative sites also provided. About 200 square feet, RCC roof, and separate toilet – Rs.75,000 unit cost.

12. Points to Ponder Should selection of beneficiary depend on BPL Status (like IAY), OR on Status of Housing? Estimate of Huts, OR Enumeration of all Huts?

13. Points to Ponder (contd.) Allocation to one-sixth of the Village Panchayats each year, covering all the huts in these Village Panchayats, OR Allocation to all Village Panchayats, covering one-sixth of the Huts? Selection of beneficiary – by the Village Panchayat, OR Rule-based?

14. Enumeration of all Huts Need to freeze number and list of huts as on the cut- off date (1.1.2010). Pilot Survey conducted @ one Village Panchayat per Block (385 Blocks) in the State. Main Survey in all Village Panchayats in the State. Conducted during April – May, 2010.

15. Enumeration of all Huts (contd.) 3-member Enumeration Team, comprised of: –Village Administrative Officer; –Makkal Nala Paniyalar; and –Village Panchayat Assistant. Enumeration as a ‘team’, not individually. 3-member team mandatory. Super-checking Official: Deputy BDO / Deputy Tahsildar/ equivalent.

16. Enumeration of all Huts (contd.) Intensive cascaded training –State level : Collectors, District Revenue Officers, Project Directors, DRDA. –District level : Deputy Collectors, Assistant Directors, Tahsildars, BDOs as Master Trainers. –Block level : Enumeration Teams and Super- checking officials.

17. Enumeration of all Huts (contd.) Enumeration Register capturing –Details about the Household. –Details about the Hut. –Details about the House-site. Enumeration guidelines printed in each Register for ready reference. Signature of the resident taken. Eligibility determined and recorded by the Enumeration Team, Super-checking Official independently.

18. Enumeration of all Huts (contd.) Best Practices –‘Vetting’ of Enumeration Registers after one day of Enumeration –Daily Progress of Enumeration monitored at State level –Software designed to check mismatch between eligibility as determined by the Enumeration Team, and eligibility as determined by the Software.

19. Eligibility Criteria Based on Ownership of land, and availability of ‘Identifiers’. Land: Clear Title, Questionable Title, Land belonging to religious institutions, Unobjectionable Poramboke Land, Objectionable Poramboke Land. Identifiers: Part No. & Serial No. in the May 2009 Parliamentary Electoral Roll, Ration card number, TNEB Service Connection Number, House Tax Assessment Number.

20. Eligibility Criteria (contd) Huts classified as –Eligible –Conditionally Eligible –Ineligible Determined by Enumeration Team. Independently determined by Super-checking Official. Finally determined by Software.

21. Enumeration Results CategoryNo. of Huts Total No. of Huts enumerated22.08 lakhs Eligible Huts12.37 lakhs Conditionally Eligible Huts 3.31 lakhs Otherwise Eligible Huts, with the hut being put up on Objectionable porambokes – to be given alternative sites 1.64 lakhs Ineligible Huts4.76 lakhs

26. Enumeration Results No. of Huts enumerated in each District (10 Districts with more than 1 lakh huts each) DistrictNo. of Huts Villupuram 288,924 Cuddalore 210,386 Nagapattinam 150,012 Thanjavur 148,960 Kancheepuram 131,241 Vellore 130,219 Tiruvannamalai 128,436 Salem 126,014 Tiruvarur 119,842 Tiruvallur 103,920

27. Enumeration Results No. of Huts enumerated in each District (10 Districts with 25 thousand -1 lakh huts each) DistrictNo. of Huts Pudukottai 74,648 Trichy 74,085 Ariyalur 68,922 Dharmapuri 67,289 Namakkal 50,226 Krishnagiri 46,708 Erode 46,222 Dindigul 40,088 Perambalur 31,421 Madurai 26,012

28. Enumeration Results No. of Huts enumerated in each District (11 Districts with less than 25 thousand huts each) DistrictNo. of Huts Sivagangai 22,795 Karur 22,338 Ramanathapuram 21,391 Tiruppur 15,181 Tirunelveli 14,479 Thoothukudi 13,446 Coimbatore 10,310 Kanyakumari 8,603 Virudhunagar 7,243 Theni 2,351 Nilgiris 890

29. 2 nd round of Field Verification Photograph of every hut with the resident standing in front, holding a board containing a new door number and serial number in the Enumeration Register. Photograph affixed on software-generated Application-cum-Verification form, and signature of resident taken. Collection of copies of title deed and other documents.

31. Role of Information Technology Web-based Software developed with the assistance of NIC. Stage 1: All entries from the Enumeration Registers entered into the KHS Database. –Distributed web-based data entry from 385 Blocks. Stage 2: Onscreen Comparison and Confirmation, to ensure that the Database is an exact replica of the Enumeration Registers

32. Role of Information Technology (contd.) Generation of Application-cum-Verification Forms for 2 nd Round of Field Visits. Generation of list of beneficiaries. Generation of individual work orders. Generation of lists of huts for follow-up action, like issue of pattas etc.

33. Allocation of Permanent Houses To each Village Panchayat: a fixed component of 10 houses, plus a variable component in proportion to number of Eligible Huts. Variable Component: to allot houses in proportion to the demand. Fixed Component: so that Village Panchayats with few huts can be covered completely in the first or second year itself.

34. Allocation of Permanent Houses (contd.) Within each Village Panchayat : Sub-allocation to each Community (ST,SC,MBC,BC,OC) in proportion to the number of Eligible Huts. –To ensure inter-Community equity. –IAY: 60% of Houses allotted to SCs/STs, causing heart-burn to non-SC/STs.

35. Allocation of Permanent Houses (contd.) Within each Community : Habitations arranged in descending order of number of Eligible Huts of the Community, and sub-allocation of permanent houses done. –To ensure certainty and transparency in the priority of selection. –Systematic coverage of the habitations with more number of huts, for greater impact and ease of implementation.

36. Selection of Beneficiaries Within each Habitation : A simple, fair, transparent and automatic process for selection of beneficiaries. Beneficiaries selected in ascending order of Door Number as per the May 2009 Parliamentary Electoral Roll. Selection of all 3 lakh beneficiaries done using the Software specially developed by NIC. If selection had not been done in this manner – political bickering, litigation, delays of 3 to 6 months.

37. Issue of Work Orders List of Eligible Huts generated by the Software, and placed before Grama Sabha for information on 15.8.2010 and 22.8.2010. Work Orders generated by the Software, and issued to the beneficiaries from 26.8.2010.

38. Construction of Houses Implemented by RD & PR Department. Construction by Beneficiaries themselves. Cement, Steel– supplied Departmentally. 60 bags of cement, 155 kg steel. Bricks –co-ordinated by Collectors. –Firm orders – lead to reduced prices. –Additional Brick Kilns by SHGs. Sand - Additional Quarries opened in each Block exclusively for the Scheme.

39. Construction of Houses (contd.) Masons –Mason apprentices trained under various Schemes. Measurements taken by Overseers (Basement, Lintel level, Roof Laid stage and upon Completion). Bills passes at Block Offices. Payments done to beneficiaries’ Bank Accounts by the Village Panchayats.

41. KHS House model

42. The Next Steps Issue of Eligibility card to all Eligible Huts to be covered over the next 5 years Huts put up on Government poramboke lands – House site as well as permanent house to be allotted

43. Thank You