2. PROPOSALS

3. WHAT IS A PROPOSAL? “Proposals attempt to persuade an audience to take some form of action: to authorize a project, accept a service or product, or support a specific plan for solving a problem or improving a situation.” (Lannon, p.582) to authorize a projectaccept a service or product persuade “Proposals attempt to persuade an audience to take some form of action: to authorize a project, accept a service or product, or support a specific plan for solving a problem or improving a situation.”

4. PROPOSAL AUDIENCE Decision Makers Criteria & Ranking Solicited proposal: Request for Proposals (RFP) Unsolicited proposal

5. RFP EXAMPLE: HOUGH HALL

6. THE AUDIENCE’S NEEDS What is the problem or need and why is it important? Why should we spend time, money, and effort on this? What exactly is the plan and how do we know it is feasible? Why should we accept the items that seem costly about your plan? What action are we supposed to take? Statement of Significance Benefits Realistic, cost-effective solution Objections Action

7. TYPES (PURPOSES) OF PROPOSALS Planning proposals offer solutions to problems or suggest improvements. Research proposals request approval and/or funding for a study. Sales proposals persuade the audience to purchase services or products. “Proposals attempt to persuade an audience to take some form of action: to authorize a project, accept a service or product, or support a specific plan for solving a problem or improving a situation.” (Lannon, p.582)

8. WRITING THE PROPOSAL PROBLEM  SOLUTION 1. Problem Statement (also called Goals in some proposals) 2. Significance of the Problem / Benefits of the Solution to the Audience 3. Solution (Description of the Proposed Plan, Purchase, Procedure, or Project) a. Details/Analysis Subdivided Appropriately (also called Technical Approach or simply Design) b. Budget (detailed for building phase, efficiency analysis for schematic design phase) c. Schedule 4. Summary, Recommendation, and Reiteration of Significance and/or Benefits

9. EXAMPLE OF AN UNSOLICITED PROPOSAL

10. EXAMPLES OF REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS (RFP) Vodaphone Wireless Innovation Project (http://project.vodafone-us.com/)http://project.vodafone-us.com/ Department of Transportation Small Business Innovation Research Phase I Solicitation FY-2012 (http://sbir.gov/solicitations/dtrt57-12-r-sbir1-0)http://sbir.gov/solicitations/dtrt57-12-r-sbir1-0 Arctic Research Opportunities (http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=5521&org=NSF)http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=5521&org=NSF

19. from cartoonstock.com (ID: aban898)