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Joe Couto Assistant Professor Jefferson School of Population Health February 5, 2011 Joseph.couto@jefferson.edu
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Location: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Size: 5,000 students and 7,000 faculty and staff Health Sciences University containing Jefferson Medical College Jefferson College of Graduate Studies Jefferson School of Health Professions Jefferson School of Nursing Jefferson School of Pharmacy Jefferson School of Population Health
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Why a School of Population Health? Population health was identified as one of FIVE key strategic priorities approved by the TJU Board of Trustees in alignment with the University’s Mission and Vision Population health is the distribution of health outcomes within a population, the health determinants that influence distribution and the policies and interventions that impact the determinants. Response to critical health industry needs Five key graduate-level programs Master of Public Health Master of Health Policy Master of Healthcare Quality and Safety Master of Chronic Care Management PhD in Population Health Science
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Master of Healthcare Quality and Safety (MS- HQS) Curriculum includes a focus on: Organizational Behavior Change Measurement and Outcomes Tools and Methods Clinical Application MS-HQS Faculty as well as the ambulatory care performance improvement team serve as student resources and mentors
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Define patient engagement and activation Discuss emerging technologies to engage patients Propose
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Patient’s playing a more active role in their care and advocating for…THEMSELVES Seeks to improve the following areas Health Literacy Clinical Decision Making Self Care Patient Safety
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AMA stated in 1999 that poor health literacy is a “stronger predictor of a person’s health than age, income, employment status, education level and race” Fundamental to engaging patients Traditionally printed materials Evolving onto the web and other technologies Reliability concerns Targeting disadvantaged groups Elderly, minorities, immigrants, low income Mass media campaigns
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Patient decision aids Training clinicians in communication skills Coaching and question prompts for patients American Center for Patient Decisionmaking www.decision.org www.decision.org Foundation for Informed Medical Decision Making www.informedmedicaldecisions.org www.informedmedicaldecisions.org
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Self management education Self monitoring and self administered treatment Self help groups and peer support Patient access to personal medical information Patient centered telemed and e-health
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Information to choose quality providers Patient involvement in infection control Joint Commission’s Speak Up TM campaign Encouraging adherence to treatment regimens Checking records and care processes Patient reporting of adverse drug events
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Knowledge of condition and complications Self care knowledge Knowledge of treatment options and likely outcomes Comprehension of information Recall of information
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Patients’ satisfaction Doctor-patient communication Quality of life Psychological wellbeing Self efficacy Involvement and empowerment of patients
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Hospital admission rates ED admission rates Length of stay Number of family medicine visits Cost effectiveness Perspective? Patient costs Lost productivity
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Health related lifestyles Self care activities Treatment adherence Severity of disease or symptoms Physical and mental functioning Clinical indicators
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Patient is engaged and demonstrates: An understanding that ACTIONS determine health outcomes Confidence to institute change
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Developed by Judith Hibbard and colleagues at the Univ. of Oregon Valid and highly reliable survey tool that assesses patient activation and places patients into 1 of 4 stages of activation Long form (22 items) and short form (13 items) High scoring patients are significantly more likely to: Perform self-management behaviors Use self-management services Report high medication adherence
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1. When all is said and done, I am the person who is responsible for taking care of my health. 2. I know what each of my prescribed medications do. 3. I am confident that I can follow through on medical treatments I may need to do at home. 4. I understand my health problems and what causes the.
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Stage 1 Belief that an active role is important Stage 2 Building confidence and knowledge to take action Stage 3 Taking action Stage 4 Maintaining behaviors under stress
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Stage 1- Belief that an active role is important Individuals do not feel confident enough to play an active role in their own health Predisposed to be passive recipients of care Stage 2 – Building confidence and knowledge to take action Individuals lack confidence and an understanding of their health or recommended health regimen
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Stage 3 – Taking action Individuals have the facts and are beginning to take action but may lack confidence and the skill to support their behaviors Stage 4 – Maintaining behaviors under stress New behaviors have been adopted but may not be able to be maintained under stress or health crises
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Center for Studying Healthcare Change 2007 Health Tracking Household Survey Over 6500 respondents Higher Activation Younger Higher education/income Private insurance White No chronic conditions Overall 78% in levels 3 or 4
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Higher engagement conditions Asthma Cancer Diabetes Lower engagement conditions Depression Heart Disease Arthritis Hypertension Multiple conditions, smoking, obesity
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Can be useful in assessing an individual’s engagement and their willingness to learn and modify their behaviors Used in research in conjunction with previously discussed outcome measures Identify effective interventions
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Remember your audience How do you reach? Literacy level Content must be personalized KISS Nothing can replace the interactions between patients and professionals
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Web based Interactive modules Self-monitoring tools Phone based Text reminders and education Self-monitoring apps Cable TV based Home telehealth devices
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Institute for Interactive Patient Care (IIPC) www.instituteipc.org www.instituteipc.org Organization dedicated to supporting research that evaluates interactive solutions that inform and engage patients Funded studies on falls prevention and heart failure using an in-hospital solution
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Patient Safety EXIT
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Patient population Inclusion/exclusion criteria Intervention PAM When to administer? How often? Clinical outcomes
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