1. Earth Science Topic #3 Review Game 1111 7777 13 19 25 2222 8888 14 20 26 3333 9999 15 21 27 4444 10 16 22 28 5555 11 17 23 29 6666 12 18 24 30

2. One factor responsible for the strength of gravitational attraction between a planet and the Sun is the a. degree of tilt of the planet’s axis b. distance between the planet and the Sun c. planet’s period of rotation d. amount of insolation given off by the Sun

3. Compared to the luminosity and surface temperature of red main sequence stars, blue supergiants are a. less luminous and have a lower surface temperature b. less luminous and have a higher surface temperature c. more luminous and have a lower surface temperature d. more luminous and have a higher surface temperature

4. The terrestrial planets differ from the Jovian planets because the terrestrial planets are a. less dense and larger b. less dense and smaller c. more dense and larger d. more dense and smaller

5. A Red giant star would most likely have a temperature of a. 5,000ºC b. 10,000ºC c. 20,000ºC d. 30,000ºC

6. Approximately how many times larger is the diameter of the sun compared to the earth? a. 10 times b. 100 times c. 1000 times d. 10,000 times

7. Which planet has the least distance between the two foci of its elliptical orbit? a. Venus b. Earth c. Mars d. Jupiter

8. If we observe a Doppler blue shift from a star, the star must be a. relatively cool in temperature b. moving away from us c. moving toward us d. a blue star

9. Which graph best represents the relationship between a planet's average distance from the Sun and the time the planet takes to revolve around the Sun? A D C B

10. The diagram below shows the spectral lines for an element. Which diagram best represents the spectral lines of this element when its light is observed coming from a star that is moving away from Earth? A D B C

11. Which object in our solar system has the greatest density? a. Jupiter b. Earth c. the Moon d. the Sun

12. Which event takes the most time? a. one revolution of Earth around the Sun b. one revolution of Venus around the Sun c. one rotation of the Moon on its axis d. one rotation of Venus on its axis

13. The diagram below shows four positions of a planet in its orbit around the Sun. At which position is the planet's orbital speed greatest? a. A b. B c. C d. D

14. Which graph best represents the relationship between the gravitational attraction of two objects and their distance from each other? A D C B

15. The diagram below represents possible stages in the life cycle of stars. Which star has the greatest probability of producing a supernova explosion? a. Barnard's Star b. Betelgeuse c. Procyon B d. Sun

16. If we plot many stars on an H-R diagram, all with the same luminosity but different temperatures, they a. would all lie on the main sequence b. would be all over the diagram c. would form a horizontal line d. would form a vertical line

17. Great amounts of energy are released in the core of a star as lighter elements combine and form heavier elements during the process of a. compaction b. condensation c. radioactive decay d. nuclear fusion

18. Which graph best represents the changes in this satellite's orbital velocity as it revolves around the planet? A C B D

19. Compared with our Sun, the star Betelgeuse is a. smaller, hotter, and less luminous b. smaller, cooler, and more luminous c. larger, hotter, and less luminous d. larger, cooler, and more luminous

20. Red giant stars have greater luminosity than our sun mainly because they are a. hotter b. farther away c. larger d. older

21. Which star has a higher luminosity and a lower temperature than the Sun? a. Rigel b. Barnard’s Star c. Alpha Centauri d. Aldebaran

22. The elliptical shape of the Earth's orbit results in a. changes in the orbital velocity of the Earth b. tilting of the Earth's axis c. the oblate spheroid shape of the Earth d. the phases of the Moon

23. The diagram below shows the orbits of planets A and B in a star-planet system. The period of revolution for planet B is 40 days. The period of revolution for planet A most likely is a. less than 40 days b. greater than 40 days c. 40 days

24. Compared to the surface temperature and luminosity of massive stars in the Main Sequence, the smaller stars in the Main Sequence are a. hotter and less luminous b. hotter and more luminous c. cooler and less luminous d. cooler and more luminous

25. Which object is located at one foci of the elliptical orbit of Mars? a. the Sun b. Betelgeuse c. Earth d. Jupiter

26. The diagram below shows the elliptical orbit of a planet revolving around a star. The star and F 2 are the foci of this ellipse. What is the approximate eccentricity of this ellipse? a. 0.22 b. 0.47 c. 0.68 d. 1.47

27. The most abundant element on the sun is a. hydrogen b. helium c. carbon d. oxygen

28. The Big Bang Theory, describing the creation of the universe, is most directly supported by the a. redshift of light from distant galaxies b. presence of volcanoes on Earth c. apparent shape of star constellations d. presence of craters on Earth's Moon

29. Which diagram most accurately represents the relative diameters of Earth and Mercury? A DC B

30. Two stars of the same color are plotted on an H-R diagram. Star A is more luminous than star B. Which one of the following statements could explain this? a. Star A is hotter than star B. b. Star A is more distant than star B. c. Star A appears brighter in the sky than star B. d. Star A is larger than star B.

31. Which diagram shows a planet with the least eccentric orbit? ( Key: = planet * = star ) A D C B