1. Ch. 5 Evolution of Biodiversity ABCD 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 300 400 500 200

2. What is a reasonable estimate for the number of species currently alive on the planet Answer: 10 million 100 pts Return to Review

3. The physical expression of an organism’s genes is called its … Answer: Phenotype 200 pts Return to Review

4. Which measure of biodiversity takes into account the number of species present and the relative abundance of the species present? Answer: Shannon-Weiner index 300 pts Return to Review

5. Answer: 1.True 2.True 3.False 400 pts Return to Review T or F genetic variation decreases in the following 1. Bottleneck effect 2. Genetic drift 3. Mutation

6. Answer: 1.Species richness and species evenness. 2.polyploidy 500 pts Return to Review 1.What measurements are used to measure diversity within an ecosystem? 2.When does sympatric speciation occur?

7. An _______ is a trait that improves that individual’s fitness for an environment. Answer: Adaptation 100 pts Return to Review

8. What occurs when a small group from a population colonizes a new area? Answer: Founder effect 200 pts Return to Review

9. A flower with red petals produces purple petals, this is most likely the result of… Answer: A genetic mutation 300 pts Return to Review

10. Answer: Bottleneck effect 400 pts Return to Review When a population suddenly reduces in size either from habitat loss, natural disaster or other changes in the environment, its genetic variation is affected. This is known as…

11. Answer: 1.False 2.False 3.True 500 pts Return to Review T or F is NOT an example of geographic isolation 1. Founder effect 2. Allopatric speciation 3. Sympatric speciation

12. Approximately what percentage of species that have lived on the planet is thought to be extinct? Answer: 99% 100 pts Return to Review

13. In a small population, when genotypes are lost by chance it is called… Answer: Genetic Drift 200 pts Return to Review

14. Give an example of artificial selection. Return to Review Answer: Dog breeding, horse breeding 300

15. Answer: 1.True 2.True 3.True 400 pts Return to Review T or F Evolution occurs in the following 1. Natural selection 2. Genetic drift 3. Artificial selection

16. Answer: 1.Phylogenetic tree 2.notochord 500 pts Return to Review 1. this diagram is known as… 2. which structure is the most primitive?

17. A variety of genes within a species is called its … Answer: Genetic diversity 100 pts Return to Review

18. What is most significant when determining the diversity of an ecosystem Answer: Number of species present 200 pts Return to Review

19. Which two scientist are credited with developing the theory of evolution by natural selection? Answer: Darwin and Wallace 300 pts Return to Review

20. A population of rabbits with typical variations of traits lives in a meadow with a depression running through the middle. Over time, the depression fills in with water and becomes a river, separating the one population into two. This is an example of…. Answer: Allopatric speciation (geographic isolation) 400 pts Return to Review

21. Answer: 1. False 2. True 3. True 500 pts Return to Review 1.T or F All mutations are harmful. 2.T or F Phenotype can be affected by the environment 3.T or F Niche specialist are most vulnerable to environmental change

22. … Answer: … Return to Review

23. Answer: … Return to Review Define limnetic, littoral, benthic and profundal zones.

24. Answers: … Return to Review ….