1. © K. Karlsen 2013

2. © K. Karlsen 2014

3.  4 millions births per year in U.S.  480,800 (12%) born preterm, < 37 weeks  80,435 (2%) very preterm, < 32 weeks, < 1500 grams  Two-thirds of deaths in first year of life occur in first month of life  Most occur within 1 st week of life 2010 Data*Infant Mortality Rate 0 – 365 days Neonatal Mortality Rate 0 – 27 days Early Neonatal 0 - 6 days Late Neonatal 7 - 27 days Race 24,572 6.14 / 1000 1,836 fewer than in 2009 16,193 4.05 / 1000 2,045 fewer than in 2009 12,900 3.23 / 1000 3,293 0.82 / 1000 Asian or PI 4.27 / 10003.01 / 1000 Hispanic 5.25 / 10003.59 / 1000 White 5.18 / 10003.35 / 1000 Am Ind/AN 8.28 / 10004.28 / 1000 Black 11.46 / 10007.45 / 1000 *Mathews & MacDorman (2013). NVSR, Vol. 62, No. 8 3,999,386 Live births 2010

4. © K. Karlsen 2014 *MacDorman, Hoyert, & Mathews (2013). Fig 5. NCHS Data Brief, No 120, April 2013

5. © K. Karlsen 2014  3.99 million births in U.S. (2010 matched data)*  478,790 (12%) born preterm, < 37 weeks  Account for 67% of all infant deaths in US in 2010  78,442 (2%) born very preterm, < 32 weeks  Account for 53% of all infant deaths in US in 2010  < 1000 gms  0.72% of births, but 47% of all infant deaths *Mathews & MacDorman (2013). NVSR, Table 4. Vol. 62, No. 8

6. © K. Karlsen 2014 For all race and ethnic groups, infant mortality rate in 2010 for:  > 2500 grams………….. 2.13 / 1,000 live births  < 2500 grams ……..........50.98 /1,000 live births  1500 to 2499 grams.....13.42 /1,000 live births  < 1500 grams …………. 222.15 / 1,000 live births *Mathews & MacDorman (2013). NVSR, Table 1. Vol. 62, No. 8

7. © K. Karlsen 2014 For all races and ethnic groups, infant mortality rate in 2010, by gestation:  < 32 weeks (early preterm) …..165.57 / 1,000 live births  32 – 33 weeks (early preterm)...15.83 / 1,000 live births  34 – 36 weeks (late preterm) ….7.15 / 1,000 live births  37 – 38 weeks (early term) …..3.03 / 1,000 live births  39 – 41 weeks (full to late term)..1.87 / 1,000 live births  42 or > weeks (post-term) …..... 2.7 / 1,000 live births *Mathews & MacDorman (2013). NVSR, Table 1. Vol. 62, No. 8

8. © K. Karlsen 2014 *MacDorman, Hoyert, & Mathews (2013). Fig 5. NCHS Data Brief, No 120, April 2013

9. © K. Karlsen 2014 *Mathews & MacDorman (2013). NVSR, Fig 2. Vol. 62, No. 8

10. © K. Karlsen 2014 Heron, 2013. National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol 62, No 6

11. © K. Karlsen 2014  U.S. annual births..………... 3.99 million  Neonatal deaths (2010)..…16,193 (1.8 / hour)  Global annual births… ……...approx 130 million  Global neonatal deaths.… 2.9 million (331 / hour)  Most of deaths are from preventable causes Save the Children (2014) Ending Newborn Deaths

12. © K. Karlsen 2014 Save the Children (2014) Ending Newborn Deaths

13. © K. Karlsen 2014 Save the Children (2014) Ending Newborn Deaths