1. CG2a: Compare the republican systems of government in the Republic of Kenya and the Republic of South Africa, distinguishing the form of leadership and role of the citizen in terms of voting and personal freedoms. CG2b: Explain how political, economic, and social conflicts resulted in the independence of South Sudan.

2.  Kenya is a republic with a bi-cameral legislature called the National Assembly  President is both chief of state and head of government  President is elected by popular vote for a 5 year term and is eligible for two terms  Vice President and Cabinet are appointed by president CURRENT PRESIDENT - Uhuru Kenyatta, Son of Jomo Kenyatta

3.  All citizens 18 years and older can vote  Freedoms and citizen’s rights have improved in recent years  Kenya became independent of Great Britain in 1963.

4. CURRENT PRESIDENT - Jacob Zuma  South Africa is a republic with a bi- cameral Parliament called the National Council of Provinces and the National Assembly  President is both chief of state and head of government  President is elected by National Assembly for a 5 year term and is eligible for two terms

5.  All citizens 18 years and older can vote  Freedoms and citizen’s rights have improved since the end of apartheid  Majority rule was established in 1993, allowing black South Africans to vote.

6.  Sudan is a republic with a bi-cameral National Legislature called the Council of States and the National Assembly  President is both chief of state and head of government  President is elected by popular vote PRESIDENT - Omar Al-Bashir

7.  All citizens 18 years and older can vote  Citizens have few constitutional rights  Sudan was overthrown by a military coup in 1989 and have suffered great economic, political and social problems since  Islamic-oriented organization dominate the government

8. South Sudan is a republic with a bi- cameral National Legislature called the National Legislative Assembly and the Council of States President is both chief of state and head of government – President is elected by popular vote for a four year term President Salva Kiir Mayardit

9.  All citizens 18 years and older can vote  Christian missionaries converted much of the population and taught them English during colonization  The people of the region were promised they could participate in the government when Sudan gained independence, however Sudan reneged on its promise.  This led to extended periods of civil war, starvation and drought.  South Sudan received their independence from Sudan on July 9, 2011.