1. Class Aves

2. Archaeopteryx 150 MYA

3. Archaeopteryx Skeleton

4. Avian Skeleton

7. Major Bird Groups Paleognathae –Mostly flightless –Usually ratite sternum (flat) Neognathae –Mostly flying birds with carinate sternum (keeled)

8. Is It A Bird? Wings Feathers Beak Oviparous

9. Placode Specification

10. Placode Growth

11. Barb & Barbule Development Down feather development Pennacous feather development

12. Mature Feather Pennaceous Plumulaceous

13. Feathers or Scales Inhibition of BMP4 signaling in chick hindlimb causes dorsal scales (scutes) to develop as feathers and prevents apoptosis of interdigit webbing

14. Does a Chicken have Lips? Figure 1 A "hen's tooth" formed by the combination of chick pharyngeal (presumptive jaw) ectoderm and mouse molar mesenchyme. (From Kollar and Fisher, 1980; courtesy of E. J. Kollar.)

15. Adaptations for Flight

16. Unique Pulmonary Structures

17. Bird Brained

18. A Bird's Eye View Optic nerve

19. Wing Forms

20. Migration

21. Navigation Birds can sense Earth’s magnetic field Orient relative to field Calibration of internal compass –Twilight cues –Nocturnal celestial cues –Daylight cues

22. Parenting

23. Juvenile Forms

24. Reproductive System

25. Largest Bird

26. Largest Flying Bird Albatross – 11ft wing-span

27. Smallest Flying Bird