1. Volcano Stations REVIEW

2. QUESTION #1 1.How are volcanoes considered both constructive and destructive forces in geology?

3. ANSWER 1.How are volcanoes considered both constructive and destructive forces in geology? Create crust with lava eruptions and destroy crust with explosive eruptions

4. QUESTION #2 2. What is the difference between a lava flow and a pyroclastic flow?

5. ANSWER 2.What is the difference between a lava flow and a pyroclastic flow? Lava flows are molten rock while pyroclastic flows are rock fragments, dust, ash & gases

6. QUESTION #3 3.Where do explosive volcanoes get their high water content in their magma?

7. ANSWER 3.Where do explosive volcanoes get their high water content in their magma? Explosive volcanoes occur along subduction zones where ocean water also becomes subducted with the plate.

8. QUESTION #4 4. Which pyroclastic material is about the size of a quarter?

9. ANSWER 4.Which pyroclastic material is about the size of a quarter? Lapilla (cinders)

10. QUESTION #5 5. Provide THREE ways pyroclastic flows can be deadly:

11. ANSWER 5.Provide THREE ways pyroclastic flows can be deadly: Speed of the cinders Extreme heat Poisonous gas

12. QUESTION #6 6. What is the difference between pahoehoe lava and aa lava?

13. ANSWER 6.What is the difference between pahoehoe lava and aa lava? Its viscosity – pahoehoe has high viscosity (flows slowly), while aa has low viscosity (flows quickly) Pahoehoe lava aa lava

14. QUESTION #7 7. Identify the volcanoes pictured below as either explosive or nonexplosive? (A) Aleutian Island Volcano (D) Mayon Volcano, Philippines (B) Kilauea eruption (C) Eruption along midocean ridge

15. ANSWER 7. Identify the volcanoes pictured below as either explosive or nonexplosive? (A) Aleutian Island Volcano - EXPLOSIVE (D) Mayon Volcano, Philippines - EXPLOSIVE (B) Kilauea eruption - NONEXPLOSIVE (C) Eruption along midocean ridge - NONEXPLOSIVE

16. QUESTION #8 8. Identify the pictures below as one of the THREE types of volcanoes. (A) Mount Fuji, Japan (B) Iceland volcano (C) Sunset Crater, Arizona

17. ANSWER 8. Identify the pictures below as one of the THREE types of volcanoes. (A) Mount Fuji, Japan – STRATOVOLCANO (B) Iceland volcano – SHIELD VOLCANO (C) Sunset Crater, Arizona – CINDER CONE

18. QUESTION #9 9. How does solid rock in the asthenosphere become liquid in a magma chamber of a volcano?

19. ANSWER 9.How does solid rock in the asthenosphere become liquid in a magma chamber of a volcano? As rock in the asthenosphere rises from differences in temperature & density, pressure decreases allowing the putty like rock to melt and rise into a magma chamber.

20. QUESTION #10 10.How can a volcano affect global temperature?

21. ANSWER 10.How can a volcano affect global temperature? The volcanic dust and sulfur gas stay suspended in the atmosphere for long periods of time (possibly years) spreading across the globe and blocking the amount of solar radiation reaching the Earth. Redoubt in Alaska Mount Pinatubo

22. QUESTION #11 11. Explain how composite (strato) volcanoes are made in layers.

23. ANSWER 11. Explain how composite (strato) volcanoes are made in layers. These types of volcanoes alternate between having lava flows and then producing pyroclastic material so the sides are built by layers of these 2 types of material