1. The History of Medicine Lancaster High School Medical Tech Prep 2 Mrs. Carpenter Lancaster High School Medical Tech Prep 2 Mrs. Carpenter

2. objectives Define the key terms Discuss the effects of culture on medicine Describe how attitudes toward illness are manifested today. Identify three common medical treatments used in the past Recall theories/practices of ancient medicine still prevalent today Discuss the role of women in medicine Identify five significant contributions to medicine Define the key terms Discuss the effects of culture on medicine Describe how attitudes toward illness are manifested today. Identify three common medical treatments used in the past Recall theories/practices of ancient medicine still prevalent today Discuss the role of women in medicine Identify five significant contributions to medicine

3. INTRO TO THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE PLURALISTIC=ETHNIC, RELIGIOUS, OR CULTURAL GROUPS THAT COEXIST WITH ONE ANOTHERSOCIETY IS BECOMING MORE PLURALISTIC=ETHNIC, RELIGIOUS, OR CULTURAL GROUPS THAT COEXIST WITH ONE ANOTHER MORE IMPORTANT TO KNOW WHERE CONTRIBUTIONS TO MEDICINE HAVE BEEN DERIVED HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONAL CARE FOR PEOPLE WITH VARIED CULTURES AND BELIEFS PLURALISTIC=ETHNIC, RELIGIOUS, OR CULTURAL GROUPS THAT COEXIST WITH ONE ANOTHERSOCIETY IS BECOMING MORE PLURALISTIC=ETHNIC, RELIGIOUS, OR CULTURAL GROUPS THAT COEXIST WITH ONE ANOTHER MORE IMPORTANT TO KNOW WHERE CONTRIBUTIONS TO MEDICINE HAVE BEEN DERIVED HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONAL CARE FOR PEOPLE WITH VARIED CULTURES AND BELIEFS

4. CULTURAL HERITAGE IN MEDICINE RELIGION MAGIC SCIENCE RELIGION MAGIC SCIENCE

5. RELIGION GODS WERE CALLED UPON FOR CURES SPECIFIC CEREMONIES, PRAYERS, AND SACRIFICES GODS WERE CALLED UPON FOR CURES SPECIFIC CEREMONIES, PRAYERS, AND SACRIFICES

6. MAGIC USED TO CHASE AWAY EVIL SPIRITS EVIL SPIRITS THOUGHT TO CAUSE DISEASES AND ILLNESSES USED TO CHASE AWAY EVIL SPIRITS EVIL SPIRITS THOUGHT TO CAUSE DISEASES AND ILLNESSES

7. SCIENCE PLANTS AND MINERALS USED FOR MEDICINE –MESPOTAMIA, BABYLON, CHINA PHARMACOPEIA= A BOOK DESCRIBING DRUGS AND THEIR USES THAT UTILIZED PLANTSPHARMACOPEIA= A BOOK DESCRIBING DRUGS AND THEIR USES THAT UTILIZED PLANTS PLANTS AND MINERALS USED FOR MEDICINE –MESPOTAMIA, BABYLON, CHINA PHARMACOPEIA= A BOOK DESCRIBING DRUGS AND THEIR USES THAT UTILIZED PLANTSPHARMACOPEIA= A BOOK DESCRIBING DRUGS AND THEIR USES THAT UTILIZED PLANTS

8. ACUPUNCTURE=PIERCING OF THE SKIN BY LONG NEEDLES INTO 365 POINTS ON THE BODYACUPUNCTURE=PIERCING OF THE SKIN BY LONG NEEDLES INTO 365 POINTS ON THE BODY MOXIBUSTION=USE OF A POWDERED PLANT TO MOUND ON THE SKIN AND BURNED TO MAKE A BLISTERMOXIBUSTION=USE OF A POWDERED PLANT TO MOUND ON THE SKIN AND BURNED TO MAKE A BLISTER ACUPUNCTURE=PIERCING OF THE SKIN BY LONG NEEDLES INTO 365 POINTS ON THE BODYACUPUNCTURE=PIERCING OF THE SKIN BY LONG NEEDLES INTO 365 POINTS ON THE BODY MOXIBUSTION=USE OF A POWDERED PLANT TO MOUND ON THE SKIN AND BURNED TO MAKE A BLISTERMOXIBUSTION=USE OF A POWDERED PLANT TO MOUND ON THE SKIN AND BURNED TO MAKE A BLISTER

9. MEDICAL SPECIALISTS PRESENT IN EARLY MEDICINE KNOWN BY –WITCH DOCTOR –MEDICINE MAN –HEALING PRIEST –SHAMAN –PHYSICIAN PRESENT IN EARLY MEDICINE KNOWN BY –WITCH DOCTOR –MEDICINE MAN –HEALING PRIEST –SHAMAN –PHYSICIAN

10. WOMEN IN MEDICINE DECREASED STATUS ONLY ABLE TO CARE FOR WOMEN AND ASSIST IN CHILDBIRTH FIRST FEMALE PHYSICIAN IN AMERICA –ELIZABETH BLACKWELL 1849 DECREASED STATUS ONLY ABLE TO CARE FOR WOMEN AND ASSIST IN CHILDBIRTH FIRST FEMALE PHYSICIAN IN AMERICA –ELIZABETH BLACKWELL 1849

11. MEDCIAL EDUCATION RISE IN CHRISTIANITY –EMPHASIS ON SOULS RATHER THAN BODY –A.D. 500 STUDY OF MEDICINE IS FORBIDDEN, HEALING ONLY THROUGH PRAYER AND DIVINE INTERVENTION –THROUGH THE NEXT 500 YEARS RISE IN CHRISTIANITY –EMPHASIS ON SOULS RATHER THAN BODY –A.D. 500 STUDY OF MEDICINE IS FORBIDDEN, HEALING ONLY THROUGH PRAYER AND DIVINE INTERVENTION –THROUGH THE NEXT 500 YEARS

12. MEDICAL EDUCATION 15 TH CENTURY FIRST LICENSING OF PHYSICIANS –ART AND SCIENCE ARE CLOSELY RELATED MICHELANGELO-HUMAN DISSECTION DA VINCI –-DRAWINGS OF SKELETAL, MUSCULAR, NERVOUS, AND VASCULAR SYSTEMS –MOST ACCURATE SKETCH OF THE SPINAL VERTEBRAE 15 TH CENTURY FIRST LICENSING OF PHYSICIANS –ART AND SCIENCE ARE CLOSELY RELATED MICHELANGELO-HUMAN DISSECTION DA VINCI –-DRAWINGS OF SKELETAL, MUSCULAR, NERVOUS, AND VASCULAR SYSTEMS –MOST ACCURATE SKETCH OF THE SPINAL VERTEBRAE

13. TREATMENTS OFTEN CRUDE RELIED ON MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF PLANTS, ANIMALS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES –MANY PLAGUES AND ILLNESSES OFTEN CRUDE RELIED ON MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF PLANTS, ANIMALS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES –MANY PLAGUES AND ILLNESSES

14. COMMON ILLNESSES MALARIA=PARASITE IN RBC FROM MOSQUITOMALARIA=PARASITE IN RBC FROM MOSQUITO DIPHTHERIA TUBERCULOSIS=INFECTIOUS LUNG DISEASETUBERCULOSIS=INFECTIOUS LUNG DISEASE TYPHOID=FROM UNSANITARY/CONGESTED CONDITIONSTYPHOID=FROM UNSANITARY/CONGESTED CONDITIONS DYSENTERY LEPROSY VENEREAL DISEASE SMALLPOX BUBONIC PLAGUE=RAT AND GROUND SQUIRREL BITESBUBONIC PLAGUE=RAT AND GROUND SQUIRREL BITES –HIGH DEGREE OF DEATH MALARIA=PARASITE IN RBC FROM MOSQUITOMALARIA=PARASITE IN RBC FROM MOSQUITO DIPHTHERIA TUBERCULOSIS=INFECTIOUS LUNG DISEASETUBERCULOSIS=INFECTIOUS LUNG DISEASE TYPHOID=FROM UNSANITARY/CONGESTED CONDITIONSTYPHOID=FROM UNSANITARY/CONGESTED CONDITIONS DYSENTERY LEPROSY VENEREAL DISEASE SMALLPOX BUBONIC PLAGUE=RAT AND GROUND SQUIRREL BITESBUBONIC PLAGUE=RAT AND GROUND SQUIRREL BITES –HIGH DEGREE OF DEATH

15. CONTRIBUTIONS TO MEDICINE 19 TH CENTURY MADE LARGE PROGRESS THROUGH TWO DISCOVERIES –ANESTHESIA FOR PAIN –BACTERIA CAUSES DISEASE ASEPSIS=ABSENCE OF PATHOGENSASEPSIS=ABSENCE OF PATHOGENS – IS IMPORTANT IN REDUCING INFECTION 19 TH CENTURY MADE LARGE PROGRESS THROUGH TWO DISCOVERIES –ANESTHESIA FOR PAIN –BACTERIA CAUSES DISEASE ASEPSIS=ABSENCE OF PATHOGENSASEPSIS=ABSENCE OF PATHOGENS – IS IMPORTANT IN REDUCING INFECTION

16. CONTRIBUTORS TO MEDICINE LOUIS PASTEUR JOSEPH LISTER ROBERT KOCH EDWARD JENNER JONAS SALK AND SABIN BANTING AND BEST RENE LAENNEC LOUIS PASTEUR JOSEPH LISTER ROBERT KOCH EDWARD JENNER JONAS SALK AND SABIN BANTING AND BEST RENE LAENNEC WILHELM ROENTGEN ELIZABETH ANDERSON CLARA BARTON FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE ALEXANDEER FLEMING ELIZABETH BLACKWELL

17. KEY TERMS PLURALISTICPHARMACOPEIAACUPUNCTUREMOXIBUSTIONMALARIATUBERCULOSISTYPHOID BUBONIC PLAGUE ASEPSISPLURALISTICPHARMACOPEIAACUPUNCTUREMOXIBUSTIONMALARIATUBERCULOSISTYPHOID ASEPSIS

18. APPLICATION CHOOSE A PERSON FROM THE LIST MENTIONED IN CLASS AND WRITE A 1-2 PAGE PAPER AND GIVE A 10 MINUTE PRESENTATION PAPER CONTENTS – BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION OF THE PERSON –WHAT THEY CONTRIBUTED TO MEDICAINE IN THE 19 TH CENTURY –HOW THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO MEDICINE AFFECTS LIFE TODAY CHOOSE A PERSON FROM THE LIST MENTIONED IN CLASS AND WRITE A 1-2 PAGE PAPER AND GIVE A 10 MINUTE PRESENTATION PAPER CONTENTS – BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION OF THE PERSON –WHAT THEY CONTRIBUTED TO MEDICAINE IN THE 19 TH CENTURY –HOW THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO MEDICINE AFFECTS LIFE TODAY