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- Kinetic Theory of Mater - States of matter - Phase changes - Classes of Matter - Properties of Matter - Conservation of Mass
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a theory that matter is composed of small particles, all in random motion.
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Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
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Constant volume (fixed and wont change) Constant shape VERY slow movement of particles or only vibrate Low energy (very little energy) 4 types Ionic Covalent Molecular Metallic
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Volume is constant (same) Shape is NOT constant, it changes depending on the container Particles move more quickly Energy is higher than solid Other Viscosity --The resistance of a liquid to flow is called its viscosity Surface Tension -- The result of attraction between molecules of a liquid which causes the surface of the liquid to act as a thin elastic film under tension. Surface tension causes water to form spherical drops. Vapor Pressure -- The pressure that a solid or liquid exerts when it is in equilibrium with its vapor at a given temperature. Boiling Point -- when vapor pressure = atmospheric pressure.
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Not fixed Volume Not fixed Shape, will take the shape of the container Movement of particles is faster than a liquid Higher energy than liquid or solid Other- all the gases more or less obey the gas laws. The gas laws deal with how gases behave with respect to pressure, volume, temperature, and amount.
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Not fixed volume Not fixed shape Fastest particle movement Highest energy Plasma is an ionized gas, or a gas into which sufficient energy is provided to free electrons from atoms or molecules and to allow both species, ions and electrons, to coexist. plasma is a cloud of protons, neutrons and electrons where all the electrons have come loose from their respective molecules and atoms, giving the plasma the ability to act as a whole rather than as a bunch of atoms. Plasmas are the most common state of matter in the universe comprising more than 99% of our visible universe and most of that not visible. On earth, plasma is naturally occurring in flames, lightning and the auroras. And can be seen in neon lights
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http://phet.colorado.edu/en /simulation/states-of-matter http://phet.colorado.edu/en /simulation/states-of-matter (Phet Simulation) phet.colorado.edu
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Exothermic- reactions that release energy -Recombination -Deposition -Freezing Endothermic- reactions that must take in energy to occur -Ionization -Sublimation -Melting
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Elements Same and Fixed Particles Cant be broken down (simplest of forms) Only one type of atom Same properties throughout EX- Carbon, Oxygen, Gold (any atom on the Periodic Table) Compounds Different but Fixed Particles Can be broken down into elements 2 or more elements in a fixed proportion EX- water (H2O) silicon dioxide (SiO2) Mixtures Different and NOT Fixed Can be broken down to compounds and elements and other mixtures Properties vary Uniformity is all different EX- Salsa or sand
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-Physical Properties= properties that don’t change the make up of a substance -Chemical Properties= properties that change the make up of a substance
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You will be turning in the following for grading: Completed Notes Phase Change Poster Physical vs Chemical Properties worksheet Root Beer Lab Write-up
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