1. The Protestant Reformation (1450-1565) A Change in Religion…

2. The Catholic Church’s Problems Charges of greed (Indulgences) Weariness of the constraints it enforced Catholic church becomes defensive in the face of criticism

3. The Catholic Church’s Problems Part 2 Corruption of the Renaissance Popes (Borgia Family) The controversy over the sale of indulgences

4. New Ideas?

5. New Cultural Ideas Better educated, urban population was more critical of the Church than peasants. Renaissance monarchs were growing impatient with the power of the Church

6. New Technological Ideas Moveable type was invented in 1450 by Johann Gutenberg Manufacture of paper becomes easier and cheaper Helped spread ideas before Catholics could squash them

7. Political Changes in Europe Turmoil, Deception, Conflict…

8. Germany Luther troubled by the sale of indulgences Friar Tetzel sold indulgences in Wittenberg in 1517 Luther posts his 95 Theses on October 31, 1517

9. Germany Pope ignored Luther at first. Luther attacks the Pope and his order of excommunication Luther hides in 1521 The Peace of Augsburg and Division of Germany

10. England Henry VIII marries 6 different women, 5 marriages annulled by Catholic Church Henry creates the Church of England and runs it (Anglican)

11. Reformation Ideas

12. Martin Luther’s Teachings Salvation by Faith Alone and Authority of the Scriptures Alone All people should be able to obtain heaven Indulgences should not guarantee heaven

13. John Calvin’s Teaching Predestination More of a stress on works than Luther Communion and Baptism – Acts were very important to salvation

14. The Counter-Reformation: The Catholic Response

15. Ingredients Of Response POPE PIUS IV Created the idea of “The Inquisition” Religious warfare and a new Bible Ruled over the Council of Trent – Clarification of Church Doctorines He was a member of the DeMedici family

16. Results of the Reformation Christian Church was splintered in the West 100 Years’ War Right of Rebellion by Jesuits and Calvinists Pope’s power increased

17. Results of Reformation Witch craze swept Europe, Between 1561-1670, 13,000 people were executed as witches Possible reasons for this witchcraft craze – Religious Overload?

18. Assignment Use your notes to create a Concept Map of the Reformation. Your Concept Map should have the Title – “REFORMATION” Your Concept Map should have at least 15 detail bubbles coming off of the Title Bubble