2.   In the previous units, for what reasons did civilizations/countries go to war? WHY FIGHT?

3.   First Crusade: 1095-1099  Second Crusade:1147-1149  Third Crusade: 1187-1192  Fourth Crusade:1202-1204  Fifth Crusade:1217-1221  Sixth Crusade:1228-1229  Seventh Crusade:1248-1254  Eight Crusade:1270  Ninth Crusade: 1271- 1272 The Crusades

4.  The Problem It belongs to the Jews, our temple of Solomon is there! No it belongs to Christians, Jesus was crucified there! No it belongs to Islam, that’s where Mohammed rose to heaven The Byzantine empire agrees with the Pope on this one, although we don’t follow him WHO DOES IT BELONG TO?

5.  BYZANTINE EMPEROR : Hey Your Eminence (Pope), I know technically were not on the best of terms but for the sake of Christianity I could really use some help. POPE URBAN II: What do you need? BYZANTINE EMPEROR: Well the Saracens (Islamic) are getting aggressive they’ve taken our territories and I could use some knights to help settle things down before they take our capital, Constantinople. THE PROLOGUE

6.  POPE URBAN II : I will see what I can do.  A Crusade has a number of benefits for the Roman Catholic church  The knights are sitting around fighting each other, Christians fighting Christians, this would give them something to do !  This would spread Christianity across the world and I would be in charge of it!  Pope Urban is no longer the head of just the church but looks to become the “King” of a Christian Empire (like a religious monarchy) POPE or POLITICIAN?

7.   The Pope makes a motivational speech… THE POPE : It is God’s will that we go East and rid Jerusalem of the infidels!! THE MASSES: What are infidels? THE POPE: Any non-Christians. POPE URBAN II

8.   THE MASSES: Hey what about the 6 th Commandment? Thou shall not kill?  POPE URBAN II : That only applies to killing other Christians, killing infidels is okay though.  This leads to the unnecessary slaughter of Jews and all non-Christians in the Empire before the Crusade has even begun. QUESTION?

9.   THE 5 DECREES OF ISLAM  To Recite the Creed  To Pray facing Mecca 5 times a day  To Fast during daylight hours during the month of Ramada  To give alms  To make pilgrimage to Mecca at least once SOMETIMES A 6 th CREE IS ADDED  To wage a JIHAD (a holy struggle), to defend the interests of the Muslim community THE DECREES OF ISLAM

10.   Both sides perceive this as necessary…  CHRISTIANITY: Islam Empire is a threat to Christianity!  ISLAM: We must wage a Jihad, to lose Jerusalem is not in the best interests of our people! ISLAM vs. CHRISTIANITY

11.  THE POPE has called for a Crusade to Jerusalem and demands your help! 2 Legions from Gaul 2 Legions from Spain 2 Legions from Greece/Macedonia 2 Legions from Asia Minor

12.  Word spreads across the Mediterranean that the Christians are on Crusade! Islam has raised a Jihad to join the Saracens by providing 2 legions each 2 Legions from Northern Africa 2 Legions from Spain Combine with 4 Saracen legions