2. KNIGHT NOBLE KING PEASANTS Europe during the Middle Ages CHURCH

3. Key Point #1: The Roman Catholic Church was the most influential __________ force of the Middle Ages. SWBAT explain the role of the Catholic Church in Medieval Europe. The Catholic Church political

4. Pope ____________ leader of Europe Led the _____________ ______________ ____________ leaders of Europe Sometimes, the Pope and the kings of Europe _______________. Sometimes, the Pope and the kings of Europe had ____________. Kings Spiritual Catholic Church Military cooperated conflict

5. Who is the Pope? The first Pope was St. Peter: “the keeper of keys of the kingdom of heaven” Since then, the Pope has led the Catholic Church from St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome Today, the Pope is… …Pope Francis I

6. Charlemagne King of the Franks

7. In 800 CE, Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne “Holy Roman Emperor.” Cooperation Between Pope and King

8. Fall of Roman Empire => Rise of Holy Roman Empire

9. Cooperation Between Pope and King Who seems to have more power in this picture? Only the Pope had the power to crown the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire!

10. Conflict Between Pope and King VS. Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV Pope Gregory VII

11. The Pope Cardinal Archbishop Bishop Priest VS. Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV Pope Gregory VII Pope Gregory VII and Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV battled over who had the right to select bishops, a member of the Catholic clergy.

12. The Pope Cardinal Archbishop Bishop Priest VS. Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV Pope Gregory VII I have the power to select bishops to look over the cathedral. I don’t think so! That’s my job, and my job only!

13. In this picture, a king from the Middle Ages is handing a bishop his “shepherd’s crook,” a symbol of the office of bishop. But the Catholic Church insisted that bishops were chosen by the Pope, not by emperors. Stop that, you fool!

14. VS. Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV Pope Gregory VII You can’t stop me… In fact, you are no longer pope! You can’t stop me… In fact, you are no longer pope! And you have been excommunicated! That means I’m kicking you out of the church! You will never gain salvation!

15. VS. Pope Gregory VII Really? Ouch! Uh-huh. No heaven for you. Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV

16. According to Pope Gregory VII… “There, having laid aside all the belongings of royalty, wretchedly, with bare feet and clad in wool, Henry IV continued for three days to stand before the gate of the castle. Nor did he stop from begging with many tears until he had moved all of those who were present there.” -POPE GREGORY VII

17. So, why did the Pope have so much power? The Pope had the power to excommunicate followers, thus denying them salvation…

18. Key Point #2: The Roman Catholic Church was the most influential ___________ force of the Middle Ages. intellectual

19. Monks Life was difficult during the Dark Ages, but hope could be found at the local monastery – Monastery: a community of monks Monks could read and write One monk named Bede preserved classical texts from Greece and Rome

20. Illuminated Manuscripts Monks copied books by hand and created illuminated manuscripts Each page began with an illustrated letter

21. Key Point #3: The Roman Catholic Church was the most influential _________ force of the Middle Ages. – Aesthetic: relating to art or beauty aesthetic

22. Since most people could not read and write, the story of Jesus Christ had to be told through art. Almost all medieval art showed Biblical scenes, especially the life of Jesus. Why?

23. The most glorious of all medieval architecture was the cathedral, a church built in the Gothic style.

24. Cathedr als were shaped like a _______. cross

25. Gargoyles Stone sculptures projecting from rain gutters on the roof Carved in the form of beasts…why? To warn followers that evil spirits would catch them if they did not obey the church

26. If you disobey the Catholic Church, I will get you!

27. Homework Write an acrostic poem titled CATHOLIC CHURCH For a merit, use illuminated letters to begin each line Use vocabulary words!