1. 1.4 How Organisms use energy

2. 1.4 How Organisms Use Energy
Organisms use energy to carry out life processes Life processes – things an organism must do to stay alive.
WHAT ARE SOME LIFE PROCESSES THAT OCCUR IN LIVING THINGS?

3. 1.4 Life Processes
Ingestion
Digestion
3. Excretion
4. Transport

4. INGESTION
iii. Ingestion - process of taking in food Living things need food because it gives them nutrients Nutrients – chemical substances that are needed for growth and energy
Examples of nutrients?
How do you think plants get nutrients?

5. DIGESTION
Digestion – process of breaking down food so that it can be used by living things Food needs to be broken down during digestion before the organism can use the nutrients!
Can you identify the digestive organs in your body?

6. Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration – process by which a cell releases energy (ATP) from food molecules (glucose) for the organism to use. -occurs in the mitochondria of cells -Food is originally in the form of sugars! (glucose) -Sugars are broken down while energy is released
Byproducts – something produced in addition to the main product.
What are the byproducts of cellular respiration?
byproducts = carbon dioxide + water

7. EXCRETION…ewww
Excretion – process of getting rid of wastes. -excretion & defication Waste products (all different types) are formed during life processes. Organisms must get rid of the waste!
What are some waste products?

8. TRANSPORT
Transport – process of moving nutrients and wastes in a living thing -After digesting food (in the intestines) the nutrients must be carried to all parts of the living thing to be utilized.
How do nutrients get carried throughout the body?
-by the blood
-by diffusion into and out of cells

9. 1-5 Organisms Respond to Change
Stimulus – a change that causes a response
Organisms respond to stimuli in different ways.
The way organisms respond to stimuli is called behavior.

10. 1-5
Behaviors can be:
-Learned behaviors -
-Instinct behaviors -

11. Two examples of Behavior
Migration- seasonal movements of animals from one place to another (warmer or safer) and back
Hibernation- inactive state of some animals during winter months (ex. Bear)

12. Practice…
Use the behaviors shown below and create a list of instinctive behaviors and a list of learned behaviors.
Laughing
A plant turning to face the sun
Your heart pumping
Cooking dinner
Breathing
Playing piano
Washing your hands
Buttoning your shirt
Blinking your eyes

13. Responses to Stimuli are like Cause and Effect Relationships
Stimulus = Cause
Response = Effect
Example: The boy laughed after hearing a funny joke.
Example: The boy laughed after hearing a funny joke.