1. Reconstruction and The Rise of “Jim Crow”

2.  Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrenders on April 9, 1865. Five days later, President Lincoln is assassinated. reconstruction (1865-1877)

3.  Rebuilding the country after the war and allowing Confederate states back into the Union is known as the era of *Reconstruction* and lasted from 1865 to 1877. reconstruction (1865-1877)

4.  *The 13 th Amendment* (1865) made slavery illegal. Freedom from slavery meant rights: the right to get married, earn wages, own property, and move. reconstruction (1865-1877)

5.  Because the Southern economy had relied so heavily on slave labor, *Black Codes* were passed to force blacks to stay and work in the South.  Some of the Black Codes included vagrancy laws (arrested for being unemployed) and apprenticeship laws (hiring out orphans and young people). reconstruction (1865-1877)

6.  Union General William T. Sherman issued Special Field Order 15, which would give black families forty acres of confiscated Confederate land and the use of mules (Forty Acres and a Mule).  However, President Andrew Johnson restored confiscated land to former owners. reconstruction (1865-1877)

7.  The 14 th Amendment (1868) reversed the Dred Scott case, while the 15 th Amendment (1870) gave citizens the right to vote. reconstruction (1865-1877)

8.  After Reconstruction, African-Americans in the South found themselves living in similar conditions to slavery days.  African-Americans worked in low paying jobs: half in agriculture and a third as domestic servants. End of Reconstruction, RISE OF “JIM CROW” (1896-1919)

9.  Few blacks owned their own land and had to resort to being tenant farmers of sharecroppers.  Large numbers of black people were sent to prison for petty crimes and ended up in the convict leasing system. End of Reconstruction, RISE OF “JIM CROW” (1896-1919)

10.  Despite being ridiculed and stereotyped by whites during popular *minstrel* shows, African-Americans became popular performers. End of Reconstruction, RISE OF “JIM CROW” (1896-1919)

12.  Black athletes were banned from competing against whites when they showed superiority.  Boxer Jack Johnson won fifty seven fights in a row, which inspired a hunt for a “great white hope.” End of Reconstruction, RISE OF “JIM CROW” (1896-1919)

13.  In 1877, professional baseball banned black players, forcing them to organize the “Negro League.” End of Reconstruction, RISE OF “JIM CROW” (1896-1919)

14.  Meanwhile, intellectuals like *Booker T. Washington* and *W.E.B. Dubois* debated opposing solutions to black dilemma. End of Reconstruction, RISE OF “JIM CROW” (1896-1919)

15.  In the period after Reconstruction, Southern states appeared to have returned to their old ways by taking away voting rights, segregation, and violence. End of Reconstruction, RISE OF “JIM CROW” (1896-1919)