1. Segregation & Discrimination
Changes in American Life
Chapter 21 Section 3

2. Essential Questions: Why do people discriminate against each other?
Why did Southern “Whites” create Jim Crow Laws?
What impact did Plessy vs. Ferguson have on the United States?
How did Civil Right Activists differ in their approaches for Civil Rights?

3. Racial Discrimination
Different Treatment of People on the Basis of Race

4. 4 Cultures Facing Discrimination in the U.S. (1865-1914)

5. United States Reconstruction: (1865-1877)
The Civil War Ended (1865)
North Occupied the South (U.S. Army)
Passed the 13th, 14th, & 15th Amendments
Helped African Americans Gain More Equality & Freedoms

6. 13th, 14th, & 15th United States Amendments

7. Southern Whites Take Away African American Political Power (Voting Rights)
Literacy Tests
Exams Given in Latin to Prevent African Americans from Voting
Most African Americans in the South Were NOT Educated
Poll Taxes
Pay a Tax in Order to Vote
Most African Americans Could Not Afford the Tax

8. 3 Methods Continued…
The Literacy Test & the Poll Tax Prevented Poor Uneducated Whites From Voting
Southern States Passed the Grandfather Clause:
Totally MESSED UP!
Stated if You Had an Ancestor that Could Vote BEFORE 1867, Then You Could Vote
Why do African Americans NOT Have Ancestors that Voted Before 1867?

9. Why Are White Southerners Afraid of African Americans Voting?
African Americans Would Vote for Other African Americans or Whites That Supported Equal Rights
Pass Laws to Promote Equality
Southern Whites Would Lose Political Power!

10. Jim Crow Laws Laws Passed by Southern States to Enforce Segregation
Separation of Whites & Blacks in Public Places (Parks, Schools, Libraries, Movies, Bathrooms, etc…)

16. Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896)
#4 of the 7 Supreme Court Cases YOU MUST KNOW!
Homer Plessy Sued a Railroad Company for Segregated Seating on Railroad Cars
Claimed it Violated 14th Amendment (Everyone is Equal)

17. Supreme Court’s Ruling on Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896)
U.S. Supreme Court Ruled Against Plessy
“Separate BUT Equal”
HUGE Mistake by the Supreme Court!

18. Impact of Plessy vs. Ferguson
Segregation Was LEGAL! 
All Public Places Could Be Separated by Race
Segregation & Discrimination INCREASED!
What a MISTAKE!

19. Separate But Equal?

20. Segregated Schools Schools Were NOT Equal!
Whites Controlled Government Positions
Put $$$ into White Schools & Facilities, Not African American Ones

21. Booker T. Washington Former Slave
Founded the Tuskegee Institute (Teacher)
Wanted African Americans to Gain Equality Through Trades/Learning Skills/Getting Jobs & $$
Did NOT Challenge/Fight Against Segregation:
Figured Whites Would Support the Tuskegee Institute if He Did NOT Fight Segregation

22. W.E.B. Du Bois Harvard Educated Totally REJECTED Segregation!
Founded the NAACP in 1909
NAACP Fought to End Segregation ASAP!

23. “The Talented 10th”
Du Bois Believed Educated African Americans Would End Segregation
Top 10% of Educated African Americans Would Lead the Way
Why do You Think He Believed This?
Was He Right?

24. NAACP The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
Founded in 1909 by W.E.B. Du Bois
Fought Against Segregation in the 20th Century
Fights for Equal Rights!

25. KKK Used Violence to Keep African Americans from Voting
Used Violence to Keep Segregation
Scared/Intimidated Anyone Who Wanted to End Segregation

29. Ida B. Wells African American Journalist (Memphis Tennessee)
Exposed Problems of Lynching – Lost 3 Friends
Had to Leave Because of KKK
Read Her Story (Page 624)

30. Lynching
Extremely Powerful Images!
Makes Me Too Nauseous to Show You!

31. Discrimination in Northern States
Many African Americans Moved to Northern States (No Jim Crow Laws)
However, African Americans Could NOT Get Housing in White Neighborhoods
Denied Jobs
Still Faced Violence

32. Racism Towards Asians Chinese Exclusion Act
Chinese Workers Got Lower Pay $$$ Than Whites
Faced Violent Attacks

34. Racism Towards Mexicans
Mexicans Were Forced into Peonage
Forced to Work Until You Work off Your Debts:
(Washing Dishes at Restaurant)
Very Similar to Slavery

35. Nature vs. Nurture (Racism)

36. Tolerance

37. We Could Learn A lot From Crayons…..

39. Essential Questions: Why do people discriminate against each other?
Why did Southern “Whites” create Jim Crow Laws?
What impact did Plessy vs. Ferguson have on the United States?
How did Civil Right Activists differ in their approaches for Civil Rights?