1. The Struggle for Equality 1947-1965 Chapter 25

2. Early Gains for Equal RightsEarly Gains for Equal Rights Section 1

3. Words to KnowWords to Know  Integrate: To open to people of all backgrounds; to bring together  Executive Order: A rule made by the president

4. Civil Rights MovementCivil Rights Movement  Became powerful after WWII  AA led the fight for equality:  First Victories:  Armed Forces  Entertainment

5. Segregation  Military-AAs had separate units  After the war-AA veterans felt they were forgotten  Did not have equal chances to take part in the economy

6. Discrimination  Both North and South:  AA faced discrimination:  Jobs  Housing  Education  South:  Jim Crow Laws

7. Jim CrowJim Crow  Examples:  Segregation of:  Public schools  Public places  Public transportation  Restrooms  restaurants

8. South  Many southern whites thought laws were lawful  Believed in “separate but equal” treatment of AA:  Plessy v. Ferguson:  railroad

9. North  No Jim Crow laws  Live segregated lives:  Poor city neighborhoods  Hard time getting good jobs  Segregated schools

10. Fair LawsFair Laws  After WWII:  Many whites began to disagree with unequal treatment  Joined AA for civil rights:  1 st victory-integrate the military

11. 1948  Truman-signed an executive order saying armed forces must integrate:  Made all military jobs open to AA:  Could command white soldiers  1954-military totally integrated

12. Sports  America’s Pastime:  baseball:  Color barrier  1947-Jackie Robinson broke barrier:  Brooklyn Dodgers  First Season:  Players tried to hurt him  Fans treated him poorly  Great skills-soon had all people cheering for him