1. Light
Light

2. Light is a form of energy called radiant energy

3. This energy travels to Earth in a vacuum of space.
The Sun gives off huge amounts of energy called electromagnetic radiation or radiant energy.
This energy travels to Earth in a vacuum of space.

4. Some of this E-M or
radiant energy
you can see
some you can’t
Visible light you can see!
Hence the word visible!
Most types of E-M or radiant energy are invisible.
For example:
Infrared radiation
Ultraviolet radiation (ouch!)
X-rays
Microwaves
Radio waves
Gamma rays

6. Light starts many chemical
reactions such as photosynthesis
Radiant energy
can cause changes in matter The light energy is changed
to other forms of energy
For example:
Sunlight heats the
water in the ocean
What about
solar power?
Is this a change in the form of energy?

7. Remember chemical reactions?
Many give off light.

8. So, how does light travel?
Photons! Tiny invisible particles of energy!
Photons are energy, not matter, so no weight!

9. Wow, I am as light as a photon!
But, I still don’t get it!
How do the photons get to where they are going?

10. Light moves in waves!
No, not those waves!

11. Light Waves like this! A wave is energy that moves through a
Geez! Do I always have to tell you guys everything?
A wave is energy that moves through a
medium (solid, liquid, or gas)

12. But however they travel…..
light waves all travel through space at the same speed and they can all travel through a vacuum.
Nothing is a fast as the speed of light….well almost nothing!
It travels 300,000 km/s!
That’s fast!
Light could travel around the world 7.5 times in 1 second!

13. Waves – light waves that is
Crest – highest point of the wave
Trough – lowest part of the wave
Hmmm.. Does this sound familiar?
Who remembers waves from our ocean unit?

14. Frequency Wavelength Amplitude
Light Waves are measured according to:
Frequency
the number of waves that pass a point in a specific amount of time (like a second)
Wavelength
measurement from the crest of one wave to another crest
Amplitude
measurement from crest to the midline, or crest to trough
divided by two

15. High frequency wave= short wave length =
more energy
Low frequency waves =
longer wave length =
less energy

17. How Light Behaves
“Light”, the dog

18. Light behaves in different ways when it strikes different things

19. Light slows down - bends – or bounces back when it travels through different mediums like gas, liquids, or solids
We’ll learn in the next unit that sound is just the opposite!
Sound waves speed up when they travel through
different mediums such as gas, liquids, or solids.

20. Visible Light What we see is white light
that is actually made up of many colors of light
We can only see
these colors when
they are
reflected or refracted

21. ROYGBIV – the visible light spectrum
Red
Orange
Yellow
Green
Blue
Indigo
Violet

22. ROYGBIV The visible light spectrum
Red – Orange – Yellow – Green – Blue – Indigo - Violet

23. Reflection the return of light or sound as it bounces off a surface
Reflection is the way we see most things!

24. The colors of light that an object reflects are the colors we see.
For example: an apple absorbs most of the sunlight that strikes it.
The rest of the light – the red part – reflects off the apple.
That’s why the apple appears red to us.
Cool heh?

25. Refraction
the bending
&
slowing down of
light waves

26. refraction A prism works like a rainbow!
It separates white light into the spectrum known as
ROY G BIV.
  When light passes into the prism glass it slows down and bends. This is known as
refraction

27. Rainbows are produced when white light strikes drops of water.
Each drop acts like a prism that separates the white light into
ROYGBIV.

28. Opaque No light passes through
Example – wood, foil, 50 sheets of paper

29. Allows all light rays to pass through Example - glass, shallow water
Transparent
Allows all light rays to pass through
Example - glass, shallow water

30. Allows some light rays to pass through
Translucent
Allows some light rays to pass through
Example: wax paper – one piece of paper

31. Light Activity
Each table will have one container of objects.
Experiment with the prism to find ROYGBIV
Experiment with the disk to find ROYGBIV
Answer questions on the ROYGBIV worksheet
Find your What’s Blocking the Light worksheets in packet
Choose an object such as a pencil or eraser.
Now take a material that you believe is transparent from
Your box of goodies.
Observe what happens when you place it over the object you
have chosen.
Draw in the cloud what you observe.
Write about what you observe
Do the same for translucent and opaque
When finished, try experimenting with other materials in box
Fill in boxes with materials that are transparent, translucent and opaque
Finish worksheet.

32. Refraction
the bending & slowing down of light waves when they pass from one kind of matter to another

33. A mirage is an example of light refraction.
The difference in air temperature bends the light

34. Concave Lens A lens that is wider at the edges than in the middle, and
That refracts light rays so they bend outward

35. Convex Lens A lens that is wider in the middle than it is at the edges
It refracts light rays so they come together.

36. Nearsighted means you can see close up, but not far away.
Concave lenses correct nearsighted vision.
Farsighted means you can see faraway objects,
but not close up objects.
Convex lenses correct farsighted vision
Other examples of convex lenses are:
magnifying glasses, telescopes, microscopes, & binoculars

37. How do we see? Our eyes are like cameras The pupil is the opening
Iris – controls the amount of light that enters the eye
Retina – a layer of light sensitive cells at the back of the eye
The retina sends a signal to our brain to tell us what we are seeing

39. Hey can someone turn off the light?