2. Golden Rules

3. Proceedings of the 24 th International Modal Analysis Conference (IMAC XXIV), St. Louis, MO, January 30 - February 2, 2006 http://www.wang.ce.gatech.edu/publication_pdfs/Conference_Papers/IMACXXIVLynch.pdf

7. Image credit: http://www.electronic-basics.com/2011/10/differential-amplifier.html ITIT V out = A(V in+ - V in- ) A ~ 10I T R 2 A is the “open loop” voltage gain V in+ I1I1 I2I2

8. t (sec) 1 2 -2 Given: +/- V cc = +/- 15 V Vs = 5 V, R1 = 4 k  R2 = 1 k  Solve: For the input signal shown below, sketch v out (t) -15 15 v in (t) V

9. Given: +/- V cc = +/- 15 V Vs = 5 V, R1 = 4 k  R2 = 1 k  Solve: For the input signal shown below, sketch v out (t) t (sec) 1 2 -2 -15 15 Comparator: v - = 1V. Pos. saturation occurs whenever v in (t) > 1V, Neg. sat. otherwise

10. Op amp in the smoke detector

12.  IF connected in negative feedback, an op-amp circuit obeys the following 2 golden rules:  Golden Rule #1: v + = v -  Golden Rule #2 i + = i - = 0 http://blogs.sj- r.com/offtheclock/index.php/archives/2166

13. Given: +/- V cc = +/- 15 V R f = 4 k  R i = 1 k  R 3 = 800  Solve: For the input signal shown below (1V amplitude cosine), sketch v out (t) Non-inverting amplifier, G = (1+R f /R i ) = 5;

14. Given: +/- V cc = +/- 15 V R f = 4 k  R i = 1 k  R 3 = 800  Solve: For the input signal shown below (5V amplitude cosine), sketch v out (t) Non-inverting amplifier, G = (1+R f /R i ) = 5; Saturation occurs!

15.  IF connected in negative feedback, an op-amp circuit obeys the following 2 golden rules:  Golden Rule #1: v + = v -  Golden Rule #2 i + = i - = 0 http://blogs.sj- r.com/offtheclock/index.php/archives/2166

16.  http://jazzcapital.net/artists/sharon-jones-and-the-dap-kings.php

17. Audio mixer Weights for weighted sum

19. But Buzz manages to mess things up by firing his rockets, right as the chosen alien offers parting words of solace Noise canceling headphones would help. Design them for the aliens.

20.  http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/gadgets/audio-music/noise-canceling-headphone3.htm Design an op-amp based circuit that acts as a noise canceling headphone.

21. Isolates high R s from low R L Use it anytime you want to get a voltage measurement without disturbing the circuit you are trying to measure

22. (A) Inverting amp (B) Summer (C) Non-inverting amp (D) Buffer (E) Comparator

23. Instrumentation Amp & Active Filters

25. http://www.touchbionics.com/products/active-prostheses/i-limb-ultra/

26. http://lowerextremityreview.com/article/unstable-shoe-designs-functional- implications http://www.vibrationtrainingdevice.com/VG-Evolution-I-Vibrogym.htm Skin electrodes Filters and Amplifiers

27. Instrumentation Amplifier: What’s Inside the Box Difference Amplifier

28. http://podiatry.temple.edu/gaitlab/facilities/emg.html http://www.isr.umd.edu/Labs/CSSL/horiuchilab/projects/EMGtail/emg_t ail.html

29. Raw signal of muscle contraction measured on the skin: 0.1 – 1 mV in amplitude Frequencies of interest are 10 - 1000 Hz. Lots of other sources of noise outside this frequency band. Design a system that : Outputs ~5V amplitude when muscle contracts Contains frequency content (potentially) related to muscle contractions only.

31. Skin conductance vs. time