3. Muscles of Gluteal Region Arterial Supply Nerve Supply

4. Gluteal Region & Boundary
Superior: Iliac crest
Inferior: Gluteal Fold
Medial: Median sacral crest & Natal cleft
Lateral: Imaginary line between Iliac crest & Greater trochanter of femor

5. Superficial Fascia & Contents

6. Deep Fascia & parts

7. Sacral Plexus is formed from anterior rami of L4, L5, S1, S2, S3, S4
Superficial:
Gluteus Maximus
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
Deep:
Piriformis
Gemelus Superior
Obterator Internus
Gemelus Inferior
Quadratus Femori
Gluteal Region
Muscles
Arterial Supply
Superior Gluteal Artery
Inferior Gluteal Artery
(branches of Internal Iliac a.)
Nerve Supply
Branches of Sacral Plexus
Sacral Plexus is formed from anterior rami of L4, L5, S1, S2, S3, S4

8. Back

9. Back

10. Muscles of the gluteal region
Origin
Insertion
Innervation
Function
Gluteus maximus
External surface of ilium behind posterior gluteal line, fascia of erector spinae, dorsal surface of lower sacrum, lateral margin of coccyx, external surface of sacrotuberous ligament
Posterior aspect of iliotibial tract of fascia lata and gluteal tuberosity of femur
Inf. gluteal nerve (L5,S1,S2)
Powerful extensor of flexed femur at hip joint; lateral stabilizer of hip joint and knee joint
Gluteus medius
External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
Lateral surface of the greater trochanter
Sup. gluteal nerve (L4,L5,S1)
Abducts femur at hip joint; holds pelvis secure over stance leg and prevents pelvic drop on the opposite swing side during walking
Anterior fibers Med. Rot.of Hip
Gluteus minimus
External surface of ilium between inferior and anterior gluteal lines
Antero-lateral aspect of the greater trochanter
Like Gluteus medius
Tensor fasciae latae
Lateral aspect of crest of ilium between anterior superior iliac spine and tubercle of the crest
Iliotibial tract of fascia lata
Stabilizes the knee in extension

13. Muscles of the gluteal region (continue)
Origin
Insertion
Innervation
Function
Piriformis
Anterior surface of sacrum between anterior sacral foramina(S2,S3,S4)
superior border (apex) of greater trochanter of femur
Branches from,S1,S2
Laterally rotates the extended femur at hip joint;
Obturator internus
Anterolateral wall of true pelvis; deep surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bone
Medial side of greater trochanter of femur
Nerve to obturator internus (L5,S1)
Gemellus superior
Posterior surface of ischial spine
Along length of superior surface of the obturator internus tendon and into the medial side of greater trochanter of femur
Nerve to obt.int. (L5,S1)
Laterally rotates the extended femur at hip joint; abduction of flexed femur at hip joint
Gemellus inferior
Upper part of ischial tuberosity
Along length of inferior surface of the obturator internus tendon and into the medial side of greater trochanter of femur
Nerve to quad.femoris (L5,S1)
Quadratus femoris
Lateral aspect of the ischium just anterior to the ischial tuberosity
Quadrate tubercle on the intertrochanteric crest of the femur
Laterally rotates femur at hip joint
Back
Back

20. Gluteal Region (continue)
Review of Muscles
Sacral Plexus
Vessels

21. Muscles Gluteal Region Arterial Supply Nerve Supply Superficial:
Gluteus Maximus
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
Deep:
Piriformis
Gemelus Superior
Obterator Internus
Gemelus Inferior
Quadratus Femoris
Gluteal Region
Muscles
Superior Gluteal Artery
Inferior Gluteal Artery
(branches of Internal Iliac a.)
Arterial Supply
Nerve Supply
Branches of Sacral Plexus

22. Back

23. Back

27. 27

29. 29

30. Arterial Supply

32. 32

34. Easy way to learn Sacral Plexus:
L4, L5, S1: Sup. Gluteal N. & N. to Quadratus Femoris
L5, S1, S2: Inf. Glutal N. & N. to Obturator Internus
S1, S2, S3: Post. Cutaneous N. of Thigh
S2, S3, S4: Pudendal N. & Pelvic Splanchnic
S1, S2: N. to Piriformis
L4, L5, S1, S2, S3: Sciatic N.

37. Structures Passed to Greater Sciatic Foramen
MUSCLE:
Piriformis Muscle
ARTERIES:
Sup.& Inf. Gluteal Artery
Internal Pudendal Artery
NERVES:
All of the branches of Sacral Plexus

38. Structures Passed to Lesser Sciatic Foramen
MUSCLE:
Obturator Internus Muscle
ARTERy:
Internal Pudendal Artery
NERVE:
Pudendal Nerve
Nerve to Obturator Internus Muscle