1. Monash University Student Information Session Professor Bronwyn Kingwell

2. 75 Commercial Road Melbourne

3. Baker IDI mission To reduce death and disability from cardiovascular disease, diabetes and other health disorders related to obesity, through research, clinical care, education and advocacy.

4. Metabolic and Vascular Physiology Bronwyn Kingwell Integrative, translational, human physiology Combine basic bench-top & physiological techniques in humans to investigate major questions relevant to:  type 2 diabetes  coronary disease  Peripheral arterial disease Understanding pathophysiology with a view to developing novel:  diagnostics  therapeutics

5. Vascular Coronary disease Markers of unstable CAD Peripheral arterial disease Occlusive Aneurysmal / Marfan Metabolic & Vascular Physiology Metabolic HDL Metabolic Anti-inflammatory Platelet Exercise mimetics Nitric oxide Brown Adipose Tissue Epigenetic effects of high fat diet Rabbit Rat Human Multidisciplinary approach to discovery & translation of novel molecular mechanisms to clinical application

6. Acute HDL Elevation (reconstituted HDL, CSL-111)  Lowers blood glucose ↑ skeletal muscle glucose uptake (AMPK) ↑ insulin secretion Drew et al., Circulation, 2009

7. Primary Human Skeletal Muscle Cell Culture

8. Human Abdominal Adipose Biopsies

9. Pancreas HDL  insulin  Plasma glucose ? Skeletal muscle  Glucose uptake Other tissues CaMKK AMPK  Ca 2+ ABCA1  Glucose uptake

10. Current Projects Chronic HDL elevation –Clinical trials –Human primary skeletal muscle cell culture Additional novel pathways –Anti-inflammatory effects and insulin sensitivity –Profiling

11. Vascular Coronary disease Markers of unstable CAD Peripheral arterial disease Occlusive Aneurysmal / Marfan Metabolic & Vascular Physiology Metabolic HDL Metabolic Anti-inflammatory Platelet Exercise mimetics Nitric oxide Brown Adipose Tissue Epigenetic effects of high fat diet Rabbit Rat Human Multidisciplinary approach to discovery & translation of novel molecular mechanisms to clinical application

12. Brown adipose tissue Release/store fat depending on demand Low energy expenditure Abundant in humans Small quantity Potentially very high energy expenditure Not present/active in adult humans?? WATBAT

13. BAT: Obesity – Why and How? Theoretically 50gm of activated BAT could add 20% additional total basal energy expenditure 50-100g BAT

14. Current Projects Activate BAT in obesity Cell explants/transplants Induce progenitor cells to form BAT BAT progenitors Myogenic progenitors Novel BAT activating/differentiation factors +/- adipogenic cocktail Human Muscle Analysis for BAT characteristics/function

15. Metabolic and Vascular Physiology Professor Bronwyn Kingwell bronwyn.kingwell@bakeridi.edu.au www.baker.edu.au