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Descriptive Mineralogy

Published byEarl Wilkinson Modified over 9 years ago

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Presentation on theme: "Descriptive Mineralogy"— Presentation transcript:

1 Descriptive Mineralogy
Sulfides

2 Classification of the Minerals
Non-Silicates Native Elements Halides Sulfides Oxides Hydroxides Carbonates Sulfates Phosphates Silicates Orthosilicates Sorosilicates Cyclosilicates Chain Silicates Layer Silicates Tektosilicates

3 Most Sulfides are Hydrothermal

4 Sulfides

5 Fe Sulfides Fe: Pyrite FeS2 Marcasite FeS2 Pyrrhotite Fe1-xS
Troilite FeS Arsenopyrite FeAsS

6 Fe-S Diagram

7 Pyrite FeS2 Crystal System Cubic Point Group 2/m-3 Space Group Pa-3
Optical opaque Color BrassYellow Luster Metallic Hardness Density 5.02g/cm3

8 Pyrite FeS2 Occurrence: High temperature hydrothermal
Most common sulfide mineral Source of S in coal

9 Marcasite (FeS2) Crystal System Orth. Point Group 2/m2/m2/m
Space Group Pmnn Optical opaque Color PaleYellow Luster Metallic Hardness Density 4.9 g/cm3

10 Marcasite (FeS2) Occurrence: Low temperature hydrothermal reduction of iron sulfate. Secondary sulfide mineral in sedimentary rocks

11 Pyrrhotite (Fe1-xS) Occurrence: Accessory in mafic igneous rocks
High T Hydrothermal May contain minor Cu, Ni, Pt

12 Arsenopyrite FeAsS Crystal System Monoclinic Point Group 2/m
Space Group P21 Optical opaque Color gray Luster Metallic Hardness Density 6.1 g/cm3

13 Cu Sulfides Cu Sulfides Cu-Fe Sulfides Chalcocite Cu2S Covellite CuS
Chalcopyrite CuFeS2 Bornite Cu5FeS4

14 Chalcopyrite CuFeS2 Crystal System Tetragonal Point Group -42m
Space Group I-42d Optical opaque Color BrassYellow Luster Metallic Hardness Density 4.2 g/cm3 Structure: ordered derivative of sphalerite.

15 Chalcopyrite CuFeS2 Occurrence: Low temperature hydrothermal.
Uses: Major ore of Cu

16 Bornite Cu5FeS4 Crystal System Tetragonal Point Group -42m
Space Group I-42d Optical opaque Color Blue Irridesc. Luster Metallic Hardness 3 Density 5.1 g/cm3

17 Chalcocite Cu2S Crystal System Monocl LoT Hexagonal HiT
Point Group 2/m- 6/mmm Space Group P21/c-P63/mmc Optical opaque Color Lead Gray Luster Metallic Hardness Density 5.6 g/cm3

18 Covellite CuS Crystal System Hexagonal Point Group 6/m2/m2/m
Space Group P63/mmc Optical opaque Color Indigo Blue Luster Metallic Hardness Density 4.7 g/cm3

19 Other Sulfides Argentite (Acanthite) Ag2S Sphalerite ZnS
Molybdenite MoS2 Galena PbS Realgar AsS and Orpiment As2S3 Stibnite Sb2S3 Cinnabar HgS

20 Acanthite (Argentite) Ag2S
Crystal System Monocl LoT Hexagonal HiT Point Group 2/m- 6/mmm Space Group P21/c-P63/mmc Optical opaque Color Lead Gray Luster Metallic Hardness Density 5.6 g/cm3 Occurrence: Low Temp Hydrothermal Uses: Major ore of Ag

21 Sphalerite ZnS Occurrence: Low Temperature hydrothermal.
Uses: Principal ore of Zn; major ore of Cd

22 Sphalerite ZnS Crystal System Cubic (diamond) Point Group -43m
Space Group F-43m Optical Iso n=2.37 Color Yellow, Red, Brown, Black Luster Adamantine Hardness 3.5 Density 4.0

23 Sulfides

24 Molybdenite MoS2 Occurrence: Accessory in granites and pegmatites.
Uses: Principal ore of Mo; major ore of Re

25 Molybdenite MoS2 Crystal System Hexagonal Point Group 6/mmm
Space Group P63/mmc Optical opaque Color Blue-Gray Luster Metallic Hardness 1 Density 4.7

26 Galena PbS Occurrence: Low temperature hydrothermal.
Uses: Principal ore of Pb; major ore of Ag

27 Galena PbS Crystal System Cubic Point Group Space Group Optical
Color Yellow, Brown, Black Luster Adamantine Hardness Density

28 Quartz-Chalcopyrite-Sphalerite-Galena

29 Realgar AsS Occurrence: Low temperature hydrothermal.
Uses: minor ore of As

30 Realgar AsS Crystal System Monoclinic Point Group 2/m
Space Group P21/n Color Red Luster Resinous Hardness 2 Density 3.5

31 Orpiment As2S3 Occurrence: Low temperature hydrothermal.
Uses: minor ore of As

32 Orpiment As2S3 Crystal System Monoclinic Point Group 2/m
Space Group P21/n Color Yellow Luster Resinous Hardness 2 Density 3.5

33 Stibnite Sb2S3 Occurrence: Low temperature hydrothermal.
Uses: Principal ore of Sb

34 Stibnite Sb2S3 Crystal System Orthorhombic Point Group 2/m2/m2/m
Space Group Pbnm Optical Opague Color Silver Gray Luster Metallic Hardness 2 Density 4.6

35 Cinnabar HgS

36 Cinnabar HgS Crystal System Cubic (HT) Point Group -43m
Space Group F-43m Optical Color Dark Red Luster Adamantine Hardness 2.5 Density 8.10 Occurrence: Low temperature hydrothermal. Uses: Principal ore of Hg

37 Sulfides

38 Acid Mine Drainage

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