1. Welcome Karen Howard Laerdal

2. Learning Objectives Fidelity and reality Discuss factors that create realistic simulation Environment Reponses Interactions Equipment Hands-on moulage Learning Objectives

3. Fidelity A.the quality or state of being faithful B: accuracy in detail C: Exactness Reality “A successful scenario is not based on the realism of the simulation itself, but rather the alchemy of participants stepping into their roles, connecting with others in the scenario, and actively linking to their previous social, clinical, and psychological experience.” Rudolph et al. Sim Healthcare. 2(3):161-163, Fall 2007.

4. Learning Objectives Environmental Fidelity – extent to which simulation duplicates motion cues, visual cues and other sensory information from the environment Environment

5. Learning Objectives What cues, clues and responses does the simulator provide? How do I provide information that the simulator can’t provide? How can I elicit responses from the learners? Responses

6. Learning Objectives Learner Fidelity - Psychological – degree to which trainee perceives simulation as believable. Without suspending disbelief the learners will not behave as they do in the real world Fiction contract – Learners and Facilitator agree to make simulation as real as possible with available resources and technology As longs as participants perceive the environment and responses as plausible, then the simulation will remain intact. (Steve Nelson, Brigham & Women’s Hosp) Interactions

7. Learning Objectives Equipment Fidelity – degree to which a simulator and the equipment used in a simulation session duplicates appearance and feel of real system Low – orange for IM injections, museum gel for edema, task trainer Medium – task trainer with SP High – patient simulator Equipment

8. Learning Objectives Small groups

9. Let’s get cooking…… Burns and Blisters Mix fiber with warm water to consistency of applesauce Place mixture on body part Allow to harden Color with makeup to create desired look –Bruising –Ashes –Red lipstick for road rash Make blisters with petroleum jelly (Pictures taken from previous SUN Realism presentations)

10. Schkin http://www.cert-la.com/education/moulage-recipes.pdf “Schkin” (simulated skin): In a large bowl, mix together all of (2) 13 oz. jars of petroleum jelly, (3) 16 oz. boxes of corn- starch, and 2 - 6 tablespoons cocoa powder (depending on darkness of color desired). These ‘homemade’ kits have one bowl of the lightest (2 T. cocoa powder) and one bowl of the darkest (6 T. cocoa powder). You don’t want it too sticky nor too dry. Best to mix the cocoa powder into the cornstarch before adding the petroleum jelly. You can begin mixing with a spatula, but eventually will need to use rubber gloves and knead with both hands to get it all totally mixed. Clean up with paper towels, then wash your hands/tools with warm water and soap. http://www.cert-la.com/education/moulage-recipes.pdf Let’s get cooking……

11. Grocery List Glycerin Condoms Chocolate and Red Frosting Ben Nye Moulage set Washable paints Dish Soap Oatmeal Chocolate syrup Kitty Litter Coffee Food coloring Gloves, aprons, wipies Grocery List Cocoa Corn Starch Petroleum Jelly Cherry Jello Knox gelatin Pea Soup Hawaiian Delight Baby Food Red and black lipstick, purple eye shadow, blue eye shadow Cosmetic sponges Poppy seed

12. Learning Objectives Questions Comments Thanks Resources http://www.behindthesimcurtain.com/moulage/schkin-recipe http://www.stagemakeuponline.com/ http://www.costumehub.com/products/fake-creepy-skin-putty/iy81887 http://www.hahaprank.com/fake-lottery-tickets.html http://soimmature.com/ http://www.prankplace.com/ WARNING: some items on the following sites are objectionable Wrap-up