1. Emotions
Unit 8b

2. 8B Unit Plans Emotions Lying
Make sure to be able to do the Essentials on your unit map

3. Emotion vs. Logic
Warm Up: A common stereotype is that women are emotional and men are logical. Please express your thoughts and opinions on this topic.
Is it true that women are more emotional, or is it true that men and women experience and express emotions differently? Or both?

4. Smile  Fake or Real Smile? Can you spot the real smile?
On a scratch paper, watch each video clip and decide if it is a real or fake smile.
When we are done we can see how well you did 

5. Fake or Real Smile?
Fake smiles look very similar to genuine smiles, they are actually slightly different, because they are brought about by different muscles, which are controlled by different parts of the brain.
Fake smiles can be performed at will- generated from conscious brain
Genuine smiles, are generated by the unconscious brain, so are automatic.
When people feel pleasure, signals pass through the part of the brain that processes emotion.
Lines around the eyes do sometimes appear in intense fake smiles, and the cheeks may bunch up, making it look as if the eyes are contracting and the smile is genuine.
Key signs that distinguish fake smiles from real ones.
When a smile is genuine, the eye cover fold - the fleshy part of the eye between the eyebrow and the eyelid - moves downwards and the end of the eyebrows dip slightly.
The brain signals that create them come from the conscious part of the brain and prompt the zygomaticus major muscles in the cheeks to contract.
These are the muscles that pull the corners of the mouth outwards.

6. Let’s Think About Emotions

7. How Many Emotions Can You Identify?
Take out a scrap sheet of paper
Make a list of all of the emotions you can think of in 2 minutes
On your mark…get set…go
Now group similar emotions into categories

8. Basic Emotions Primary emotion Secondary emotion Tertiary emotions
Love
Affection
Adoration, affection, love, fondness, liking, attraction, caring, tenderness, compassion, sentimentality
Lust
Arousal, desire, lust, passion, infatuation
Longing
Joy
Cheerfulness
Amusement, bliss, cheerfulness, gaiety, glee, jolliness, joviality, joy, delight, enjoyment, gladness, happiness, jubilation, elation, satisfaction, ecstasy, euphoria
Zest
Enthusiasm, zeal, zest, excitement, thrill, exhilaration
Contentment
Contentment, pleasure
Pride
Pride, triumph
Optimism
Eagerness, hope, optimism
Enthrallment
Enthrallment, rapture
Relief

9. More Basic Emotions Surprise Amazement, surprise, astonishment Anger
Irritation
Aggravation, irritation, agitation, annoyance, grouchiness, grumpiness
Exasperation
Exasperation, frustration
Rage
Anger, rage, outrage, fury, wrath, hostility, ferocity, bitterness, hate, loathing, scorn, spite, vengefulness, dislike, resentment
Disgust
Disgust, revulsion, contempt
Envy
Envy, jealousy
Torment

10. More Basic Emotions Sadness Suffering Agony, suffering, hurt, anguish
Depression, despair, hopelessness, gloom, glumness, sadness, unhappiness, grief, sorrow, woe, misery, melancholy
Disappointment
Dismay, disappointment, displeasure
Shame
Guilt, shame, regret, remorse
Neglect
Alienation, isolation, neglect, loneliness, rejection, homesickness, defeat, dejection, insecurity, embarrassment, humiliation, insult
Sympathy
Pity, sympathy
Fear
Horror
Alarm, shock, fear, fright, horror, terror, panic, hysteria, mortification
Nervousness
Anxiety, nervousness, tenseness, uneasiness, apprehension, worry, distress, dread

11. Facial Expressions
Paul Ekman- Powerful way to let others see what we are feeling without speaking
6 basic emotions
Happiness, sadness, anger, disgust, fear, contempt

12. Spot the emotion: Role play
Take a card
Act out the emotion
Class can you guess what the emotion displayed was?
Random Calling for volunteers

13. Theories of Emotion
Emotions are a mix of 1) physiological activation, 2) expressive behaviors, and 3) conscious experience.

14. Theories of Emotion
Does your heart pound because you are afraid...or are you afraid because you feel your heart pounding?

15. Controversy
Does physiological arousal precede or follow your emotional experience?
Does cognition (thinking) precede emotion (feeling)?

16. What is Emotion? Emotions-
As you watch the short video on emotions, jot down some thoughts or questions you have about emotions?

17. Common Sense View
When you become happy, your heart starts beating faster. First comes conscious awareness, then comes physiological activity.
Bob Sacha

18. James-Lange Theory of Emotion
Experience of emotion is awareness of physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli
Fear
(emotion)
Pounding
heart
(arousal)
Sight of
oncoming
car
(perception of
stimulus)

19. Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion
Sight of
oncoming
car
(perception of
stimulus)
Pounding
heart
(arousal)
Fear
(emotion)
Emotion-arousing stimuli simultaneously trigger:
physiological responses
subjective experience of emotion

20. Schachter-Singer Two-Factor Theory of Emotion
Cognitive
label
“I’m afraid”
Fear
(emotion)
Sight of
oncoming
car
(perception of
stimulus)
Pounding
heart
(arousal)
To experience emotion one must:
be physically aroused
cognitively label the arousal

21. Embodied Emotion
We know that emotions involve bodily responses. Some of these responses are very noticeable (butterflies in our stomach when fear arises), but others are more difficult to discern (neurons activated in the brain).

22. Emotion and Physiology
Autonomic nervous system controls
physiological arousal
Sympathetic
division (arousing)
Pupils dilate
Decreases
Perspires
Increases
Accelerates
Inhibits
Secrete stress
hormones
Parasympathetic
division (calming)
Pupils contract
Dries
Slows
Activates
secretion of
stress
EYES
SALIVATION
SKIN
RESPIRATION
HEART
DIGESTION
ADRENAL
GLANDS

23. Physiological Similarities
Physiological responses related to the emotions of fear, anger, love, and boredom are very similar.
OBJECTIVE 4| Name three emotions that involve similar physiological arousal.
M. Grecco/ Stock Boston
Excitement and fear involve a similar
physiological arousal.

24. Physiological Differences
Physical responses, like finger temperature and movement of facial muscles, change during fear, rage, and joy.
OBJECTIVE 5| Describe some physiological and brain pattern indicators of specific emotions.
More dopamine receptors:
nucleus accumbens
The amygdala shows differences in activation during the emotions of anger and rage. Activity of the left hemisphere (happy) is different from the right (depressed) for emotions.

25. Can we change our emotions by changing our thinking?
Cognition and Emotion
What is the connection between how we think (cognition) and how we feel (emotion)?
Can we change our emotions by changing our thinking?

26. Cognition Can Define Emotion
An arousal response to one event spills over into our response to the next event.
OBJECTIVE 6| Explain how spillover effect influences our experience of emotion.
AP Photo/ Nati Harnik
Reuters/ Corbis
Arousal from a soccer match can fuel anger, which may lead to rioting.

27. Cognition and Emotion The brain’s shortcut for emotions
Sensory input may be routed directly to the amygdala (via the thalamus) for an instant emotional reaction or to the cortex for analysis
Pop Balloon
Do this 3 times:
Test One- no warning
Test Two- give them direct warning “I am going to pop the balloon”
After- Ask students how their preparation in each instance changed their “Subception” of the event
Test Three- Emphasize how painful it is to hear a balloon pop; dramatize the word pain as much as possible