2. 1.1.1State and compare quantities to the nearest order of magnitude. 1.1.2State the ranges of magnitude of distances, masses and times that occur in the universe, from smallest to greatest. 1.1.3State ratios of quantities as differences of orders of magnitude. 1.1.4Estimate approximate values of everyday quantities to one or two significant figures and/or to the nearest order of magnitude. Topic 1: Physics and physical measurement 1.1 The realm of physics

3. Physics has some of the most famous names in science.  If a poll were to be taken on who is the most famous scientist, many people would choose… Topic 1: Physics and physical measurement 1.1 The realm of physics Albert Einstein A PHYSICIST

4. Physics has some of the most famous names in science.  If a poll were to be taken on who is the most famous scientist, Other people might choose… Topic 1: Physics and physical measurement 1.1 The realm of physics Isaac Newton A PHYSICIST

5. The physics we will study this year and next was pioneered mostly by the following four individuals:  Other greats will be introduced when the time comes. Topic 1: Physics and physical measurement 1.1 The realm of physics Galileo Newton Maxwell Einstein Kinematics Dynamics Classical Physics Calculus Electrodynamics Relativity Quantum

6. Physics is the study of forces, and matter’s reaction to them.  All of the sciences have examples of force:  In biology, we have the bighorn sheep: Topic 1: Physics and physical measurement 1.1 The realm of physics F 12 F 21 W2W2 W1W1 f1f1 f2f2 N2N2 N1N1 Kilo pounds

7. Physics is the study of forces, and matter’s reaction to them.  All of the sciences have examples of force:  In chemistry, we have the popping can: Topic 1: Physics and physical measurement 1.1 The realm of physics pounds

8. Physics is the study of forces, and matter’s reaction to them.  All of the sciences have examples of force:  In physics, we have the biggest forces of all: Topic 1: Physics and physical measurement 1.1 The realm of physics

9. Dakota H-Bomb – 1 million tons of TNT

10. Meteor Crater - Arizona 100 Dakota H-Bombs

11. Physics is the study of the very small.  And the very large.  And everything in between. Topic 1: Physics and physical measurement 1.1 The realm of physics

12. Barred Spiral Galaxy NGC 1300 About 2  10 21 meters in diameter

13. Physics is the study of the very small.  And the very large.  And everything in between. Topic 1: Physics and physical measurement 1.1 The realm of physics  Size of visible universe is about 10 25 meters.  Age of universe is about 10 18 seconds.  Mass of universe is about 10 50 kilograms.  The mass of a quark is about 10 -30 kilograms.  Diameter of atom is about 10 -10 meters.  Diameter of a nucleus is about 10 -15 meters.  Smallest particles called quarks about 10 -18 m.  Planck length is about 10 -35 meters.  Speed of light is about 10 8 meters per second.

14. Physics is the study of the very small.  And the very large.  And everything in between. Topic 1: Physics and physical measurement 1.1 The realm of physics EXAMPLE: Given that the smallest length in the universe is the Planck length of 10 -35 meters and that the fastest speed in the universe is that of light at 10 8 meters per second, find the smallest time interval in the universe. SOLUTION:  Speed is distance divided by time (s = d / t).  Using algebra we can write t = d / s.  Substitution yields t = 10 -35 / 10 8 = 10 -43 seconds.

15. Physics is the study of the very small.  And the very large.  And everything in between. Topic 1: Physics and physical measurement 1.1 The realm of physics EXAMPLE: Find the difference in order of magnitude of the mass of the universe to the mass of a quark. SOLUTION:  Make a ratio (fraction) and simplify.  10 50 kilograms / 10 -30 kilograms = 10 80.  Note that the kilograms cancels leaving a unitless power of ten.  The answer is 80 orders of magnitude.