1. Aquatic Habitat Lakes and Oceans Lecture 15

3. Factors Influencing Lake Dynamics Hydrology Geology Morphometry Base chemistry Biology (food chain) Human activity

5. Human Impacts on Lakes Alter hydrology Increase nutrients Increase sediment Alter vegetation

6. Water Quality Determined by: Combinations of: Alkalinity Phosphorous Dissolved Oxgyen Nitrogen Temperature Dissolved & suspended solids chlorophyll iron calcium algae macrophytes Morphometry fish

7. Water Quality Classifications Measured by Phosphorous in parts per billion

8. Lake Productivity Through Time

10. Eutrophic Conditions

11. Natural Eutrophication geologic time (thousands of years) natural sedimentation delivered by streams the lake gradually shallows phosphorous is in the sediments - taken up by macrophytes the lake turns into a marsh, and eventually a forest To set back the successional clock, the lake must be dredged

12. Cultural Eutrophication Human generation P in water Increased algae & macrophytes No change in depth Improved only by decreasing nutrient input

13. Seasonal Changes in Habitat Water is the most dense at 4 degrees C

19. Habitat Scale Macrohabitat: Temperature, DO Mesohabitat: estuaries, littoral zones Microhabitat: fish occupied location

20. Habitat Management in Ponds & Lakes (video of plant control)

22. Habitat Management in Ponds & Lakes Nuisance plant control Water level manipulations Artificial spawning structures Cover aeration

23. Ocean Habitat and Fish

24. Zones of Habitat in Ocean Benthic realm: all those areas in direct contact with the bottom. (shelf, upper slope, lower slope, abbysal, hadal zones) Pelagic realm: independent of the ocean bottom, open water habitats. (epipelagic, mesopelagic,bathypelagic, hadopelagic)

25. Habitat Management in Oceans Decrease pollutants Prevent shoreline development Add artificial reefs

26. Nutrient Source?