1. Absolute Monarchs in Europe 1500-1800 Vocabulary: ◦absolute monarch ◦divine right

2. Absolute Monarchs in Europe 1500-1800 Vocabulary: ◦Escorial ◦Versailles

3. Absolute Monarchs in Europe 1500-1800 Vocabulary: ◦Huguenots ◦Edict of Nantes

4. Absolute Monarchs in Europe 1500-1800 Vocabulary: ◦boyars ◦Romanovs

5. Absolute Monarchs in Europe 1500-1800 Feudalism declined Catholic Church’s power declined Stronger national identities: ◦England ◦France ◦Spain ◦plus, Russia, Austria, & Prussia Wealthy economies ◦Influx of goods from New World

6. Absolute Monarchs in Europe 1500-1800 Absolute rulers ◦Ruled by divine right of kings ◦Filled power gap left by Church ◦Wanted power to control economy ◦In conflict w/ nobility  unlimited royal power

7. Absolute Monarchs in Europe 1500-1800 Philip II (Spain, 1555-1598) Louis XIII (France, 1610) Louis XIV ( “, 1643-1715) Peter the Great (Russia, 1682-1725)

8. Absolute Monarchs in Europe 1500-1800 Spain Philip II ◦devout Catholic ◦built & lost Armada ◦built Escorial ◦supported the arts  Cervantes, Don Quixote  El Greco & Velazquez

9. Spain After expelling the Jews: ◦Lost their business class ◦Economy declined No middle class ◦Few taxes collected Dutch revolted, became independent ◦Mostly Protestant ◦Had thriving economy  Developed art (Rembrandt, Vermeer)  Developed trading empire

10. Absolute Monarchs in Europe 1500-1800 France Louis XIII (1610-1643) ◦Cardinal Richelieu (politician 1 st )  moved against Huguenots  weakened nobles Louis XIV (1643-1715) ◦Sun King; “L’etat c’est moi.” ◦built Versailles ◦controlled nobles w/i palace ◦increased power of intendants (gov’t agents)

11. Absolute Monarchs Russia Peter the Great, 1682-1725 ◦Huge political & economic reforms Visited Europe Pulled Russia into European realm ◦Conquered land with sea access ◦Built St. Petersburg Built a formidable navy

12. Absolute Monarchs People & Places to know: ◦Escorial ◦Versailles ◦Huguenots ◦Edict of Nantes ◦Miguel de Cervantes ◦Rembrandt ◦Cardinal Richelieu ◦The Sun King ◦Ivan the Terrible ◦St. Petersburg