1. Egypt Assyria Babylonia Persia Lydia Media Scythia Palestine

2. Palestine

3. Egypt

4. Babylonia Persia Media

5. Lydia

6. The Intertestamental Period 430 BC to 4 BC

7. The Roots of Late OT Judean History Assyria Babylonia Media Egypt Palestine

8. The Roots of Late OT Judean History Assyria 600 400 200 4

9. The Roots of Late OT Judean History Assyria 600 400 200 4

10. The Babylonian Captivity Babylonia 600 400 200 4 Media

11. The Babylonian Captivity Babylonia 600 400 200 4 Media PersiaEstablishment of synagogues

12. Period from the Return to Alexander Persian Empire 538 - 332 600 400 200 4

13. Period from the Return to Alexander Persian Empire 538 - 332 2nd Temple built Walls built Rift between Jews and Samaritans Ezra and OT Canon Queen Esther Samaritan Temple and final rift 600 400 200 4

14. Period from the Return to Alexander Persian Empire 538 - 332 Jews in Babylonia, Persia, Palestine, and Egypt Temple in Egypt Devotion to Law Office of High Priest Aramaic 600 400 200 4

15. The Rise of Greece 600 400 200 4 Philip of Macedon

16. The Conquests of Alexander 600 400 200 4

17. 600 400 200 4 The Greek Language The Greek City-State Greek Lifestyle –Sports –Commerce –Worship Alexandria, Egypt

18. The World After Alexander 323 to 198 BC 600 400 200 4

19. The World After Alexander 323 to 198 BC 600 400 200 4 Antigonus Seleucus Ptolemy Judea under Ptolemaic Rule Many Jews in Alexandria Septuagint translation Antigonus vs Rome Ptolemy vs. Seleucus

20. The Rise of Roman Power 600 400 200 4 Rome Seleucus Ptolemy Rome and Carthage Hannibal and the elephants Rome conquers Carthage Rome subdues Macedon and Achaia

21. From Antiochus to the Maccabees 600 400 200 4 198 to 165 BC Peace of Apamae Humiliation in Egypt Desecration of Temple in Jerusalem Abomination of Desolation Religious Persecution Rome Seleucus Ptolemy

22. The Hasmonæan Dynasty Hashmon Mattathiah (d. 166) Simon (d. 134) Judas (d. 160) Jonathan (d. 143) Eleazar (d. 163) John (d. 160) MattathiahJudasJohn Hyrcanus (d. 104) 600 400 200 4 Simon (d. 134) John Hyrcanus (d. 104) Jonathan (d. 143)

23. The Roman Empire

24. Rome rules the Mediterranean Rome rules, Macedon, Greece, Asia Minor, North Africa Roman interests in Egypt Rome plays Judea against the Seleucids

25. From Hyrcanus to Herod 600 400 200 4 Priesthood Wars Weakening Seleucid Empire Interests from the south and east: Idumea and Nabataens Caesar and Cleopatra Antony and Cleopatra

26. Herod the Great - 37 to 4 BC Herod given title King of the Jews by Octavian in Rome Herod has to conquer his kingdom Herod vs. Cleopatra Herod vs. family Herod vs. everybody Oriental ambassadors 600 400 200 4

27. Babylonian captivity Persian release Persian status Greek rule Hellenization Ptolemaic and Seleucid dominion Independence and expansion Roman occupation Roman oppression The Intertestamental Period 400+ Years of Subjection, Oppression, and Corruption

28. Synagogues OT Canon Rule of OT Law Rule/corruption of the High Priest Septuagint Sadducees (of Zadok?) Pharisees (separatists) Hasidim Herod’s temple project The Intertestamental Period 400+ Years of Subjection, Oppression, and Corruption

29. The Fullness of Time But when the fullness of the time came, God sent forth His Son… in those days a decree went out from Caesar Augustus, that a census be taken of all the inhabited earth. And Joseph went up from Galilee, from the city of Nazareth, to Judea, to the City of David, which is called Bethlehem, with Mary, who was engaged to him. And it came about that while they were there, Mary gave birth to her firstborn son; and she wrapped Him in cloths, and laid Him in a manger … born of a woman, born under the Law. And in the same region there were some shepherds staying out in the fields, and an angel of the Lord suddenly stood before them and said to them, “Today in the City of David there has been born for you a Savior, who is Christ the Lord.” Galatians 4:4; Luke 2:1-12