1. 1 An Introduction ASTM International Standards for Biofuels September 2006

2. 2 Curtis P. Williams Georgia Dept. of Agriculture State Oil Lab Membership Secretary for Subcommittee D02.A on Gasoline and Oxygenated Fuels

3. 3 Today’s Presentation Introduce ASTM’s standardization concepts Provide an overview of ASTM International Introduce Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants Open the discussion to your questions

4. 4 ASTM Standardization Concepts

5. 5 ASTM Standardization Concept A decentralized system ASTM’s technical committees make the decisions ASTM provides an open forum and an administrative framework

6. 6 ASTM Standardization Concept Partnership of the public and private sector

7. 7 ASTM Standardization Concept The system is open

8. 8 ASTM Standardization Concept A balance of interests exists

9. 9 ASTM Standardization Concept ASTM’s standards are voluntary Standards are only mandatory when cited in regulation or called out in a contract

10. 10 ASTM Standardization Concept Marketplace orientation Reflects changes in technology

11. 11 Overview of ASTM International

12. 12 About ASTM International Organized in 1898 Independent, private sector, not-for-profit Provides a global forum for the development of voluntary, consensus standards and promotion of related knowledge Does not provide certification or accreditation

13. 13 About ASTM International Headquarters near Philadelphia Staff of 170 Offices in: Washington, DC Mexico City, Mexico Beijing, China (China Standards and Conformity Assessment office)

14. 14 ASTM Standards are International ASTM complies with the principles identified in the World Trade Organization’s, Technical Barriers to Trade Agreement, document G/TBT/1/REV 8 Section IX. Transparency ● Relevance Openness ● Coherency Impartiality and consensus Consideration of the concerns of developing countries

15. 15 ASTM Standards are International ASTM standards are used around the world ASTM standards are developed by technical experts from around the world 46 members from Brazil participate as active members on many ASTM Committees including D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants

16. 16 ASTM Serves Multiple Sectors, Including Metals Petroleum and Lubricants Environment Air, soil and water Construction Materials Consumer Products Biotechnology Plastics Road and Paving Medical and Surgical Materials and Devices Textiles Nanotechnology Pharmaceutical Process Analytical Technology

17. 17 ASTM’s Product Over 12,000 standards published annually Related publications Related training and laboratory cross-check testing programs

18. 18 The ASTM Structure 30,000 Members 128 countries represented 90 industry sectors represented 138 Technical committees 2,200 Subcommittees Thousands of task groups

19. 19 Introduction to ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants

20. 20 About Committee D02’s Work Committee D02 develops test methods and specifications for: Liquid fuels from petroleum, liquid and semi- liquid lubricants, hydraulic fluids, gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons, petrolatum and petroleum wax, additives that affect the characteristics of fuel, biodegradation, ecotoxicity, and bioaccumulation of petroleum products

21. 21 Committee D02 Includes over 1,500 members from 52 countries Developer of over 650 petroleum standards that have helped to provide heat for homes, fuel for automobiles and airplanes, and lubricants for machinery Sponsor of numerous technical publications, laboratory quality assurance programs and technical and professional training courses, workshops, and symposia

22. 22 Committee D02  Committee D02 helps to promote a cleaner, safer environment by creating specifications, test methods, practices, and guidesthat address the need for alternative, environmentally friendly fuels. Refiners, automobile manufacturers, engine manufactures, ethanol producers, biodiesel producers, equipment and apparatus vendors, governments, academia, Department of Defense and others from around the world participate in the standards activities of the Committee.

23. 23 Technical Committee Structure MAIN Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants Subcommittee.93 Quality Assurance and Statistics Sections / TGs on … Sections / TGs on … Subcommittee.J Aviation Fuels Subcommittee.08 Volatility Subcommittee.03 Elemental Analysis Subcommittee.90 Executive Many subcommittees and sections / task groups

24. 24 Product Subcommittees A. Gasoline and Oxygenated Fuels B. Automotive Lubricants C. Turbine Fuels D. Hydrocarbon for Chemical and Special Uses E. Burner, Diesel, Non-Aviation Gas Turbine and Marine Fuels F. Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Products G. Lubricating Greases H. Liquified Petroleum Gases J. Aviation Fuels L. Industrial Lubricants N. Hydraulic Fluids P. Recycled Petroleum Products 12 Product subcommittees  Specifications  Performance Testing

25. 25 Properties Subcommittees 1. Combustion Characteristics 2. Static Petroleum Measurement 3. Elemental Analysis 4. Hydrocarbon Analysis 5. Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Materials 6. Analysis of Lubricants 7. Flow Properties 8. Volatility 9. Oxidation 10. Properties of Petroleum Wax 11. Engineering Science of High Performance Fluids & Solids 12. Environmental Standards for Lubricants 14. Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels 25. Performance Assessment and Validation of Process Stream Analyzer Systems for Petroleum and Petroleum Products 14 Properties Subcommittees  Test Methods for Properties  Measurements

26. 26 Coordinating Subcommittees 92. Interlaboratory Crosscheck Programs 93. International Standards and Related Activities 94. Quality Assurance and Statistics 95. Terminology 96. In-Service Lubricant Testing and Condition Monitoring Services 5 Coordinating Subcommittees

27. 27 D02 Interlaboratory Crosscheck Program Provides laboratories with a statistical quality assurance tool enabling them to compare their performance in the use of ASTM test methods against other labs worldwide 20 petroleum related programs such as: gear oil, aviation fuel, automatic transmission fluid, engine oil lubricants, motor gasoline, reformulated gasoline, low-sulfur diesel, BIODIESEL, #2 diesel, engine oil lubricants Over 2,300 laboratories participate from 74 countries Very active participation from Petrobras across many programs

28. 28 D02 Technical and Professional Training Provides training on the use and implementation of ASTM standards. Conducted around the world by technical experts familiar with the ASTM standards Aviation fuel Gasoline Marine fuel Fuel and Diesel Technology Crude Oil

29. 29 Ethanol Standards Subcommittee D02.A on Gasoline and Oxygenated Fuels – Over 260 members that include participation from more than 20 countries – Active participation from Petrobras – Ethanol standards included in scope of D02.A

30. 30 Ethanol Specifications  D5797, Specification for Fuel methanol (M70-M85) for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines Covers a fuel blend, nominally 70 to 85 volume % methanol and 30 to 14 volume % hydrocarbons for use in ground vehicles with automotive spark- ignition engines

31. 31 D4806, Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasoline for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel Covers nominally anhydrous denatured fuel ethanol intended to be blended at up to 10 volume % with unleaded gasoline for use as a spark- ignition automotive engine fuel Ethanol Specifications

32. 32 Ethanol Specifications D5798, Specification for Fuel Ethanol (Ed75 Ed- 85) for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines Covers a fuel blend, nominally 75 to 85 volume % denatured fuel ethanol and 25 to 15 additional volume % hydrocarbon use in ground vehicles with automotive spark-ignition engines designed to use such a fuel

33. 33 Biodiesel Standards Subcommittee D02.E on Diesel Fuel –Over 290 members that include participation from 17 countries –Active participation from Petrobras –Biodiesel standards included in scope of D02.E

34. 34 Biodiesel Standards D6751 Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels Specification covers biodiesel fuel blend stock(B100) Grades S15 and S500 for use as a blend component with diesel fuel oils defined by Specification D 975 Grades 1-D, 2-D, and low sulfur 1- D and 2-D. Biodiesel may be blended with fuel oils whose sulfur or aromatic levels are outside Specification D 975 Grades 1-D, 2- D, and low sulfur 1-D and 2-D, provided the finished mixture meets pertinent national and local specifications and requirements for these properties.

35. 35 Subcommittee E48.05 on Biomass Conversion Scope includes test methods for characterizing wood, grasses and other celluosics and practices for converting cellulose feedstocks to fuels by enzymes, yeasts and pyrolysis.

36. 36 Subcommittee E48.05 on Biomass Conversion  17 approved standards including E869 – Test Method for Performance Evaluation of Fuel Ethanol Manufacturing Facilities Test is applicable for all starch, sugar, and combination starch/sugar based fermentable feedstocks. Method is applicable to both batch and continuous fuel ethanol manufacturing processes.

37. 37 Committee Meetings Committee D02 (and its related subcommittees) usually meets twice annually Meetings are open for anyone to attend (members and visitors) Many subcommittees/ task groups use virtual meetings

38. ASTM Balloting Process SECTION / TASK GROUP SUBCOMMITTEE 60% Affirmative 2/3 approval SOCIETY & MAIN COMMITTEE D02 60% Return 90% Approval COMMITTEE ON STANDARDS The ASTM standards development process is driven from the bottom up, by the technical experts. In the balloting process extensive consideration is given to negative votes. Standards are not approved until all negatives are resolved.

39. 39 ASTM International Standards development is the chief task of ASTM’s committees and subcommittees Members and non-members determine the need for new standards, revisions activities. Voting is a member’s opportunity to influence the content of the standard. Participation is possible using electronic tools

40. 40 How can you benefit from ASTM? Easy access to information Opportunity to influence the content of standards Learn about the latest technology (and your competitors) Establish a global network Reference and use existing standards; avoid duplication of effort in developing and maintaining standards

41. 41 www.astm.org

42. 42 Thank you for the opportunity to present information from ASTM on standards activities related to biofuels.

43. 43 ASTM International looks forward to building cooperative relationships with Brazil. David Bradley Director, ASTM Proficiency Testing Programs and Staff Manager to Committee D02 + 1-610-832-9681 dbradley@astm.org For more information please contact