1. Unit 2 Chapter 3 Lesson 3 Pages 128-134
Spanish Explorations
Unit 2 Chapter 3 Lesson 3
Pages

2. Objectives
Describe the aims, obstacles, and accomplishments of Spanish explorers.
Trace the routes of Spanish explorers and identify their claims.

3. Spanish explorations
Spain had claimed a lot of land in the America’s (this is today South America)
Many others came seeking:
Riches
National glory
Converting Native Americans to Christianity

4. King of Spain The King encouraged explorations
He offered large sums of money called, GRANTS, to those who led expeditions
These explorers became known as CONQUISTADORS

5. Juan Ponce de Leon Had sailed with Columbus on his 2nd voyage
Helped conquer Puerto Rico
Heard of an island called Bimini and a Fountain of Youth
1513 – landed on Florida and claimed it for Spain

6. Ponce de Leon 1521, returned to Florida to start a settlement
Calusa tribe defended their land
Ponce de Leon killed
Never found the Fountain of Youth
He is known for becoming the 1st Spanish explorer to set foot on land that became part of the United States

8. EARLY
CONQUISTADORS

9. Hernando Cortes
1519, Spain
Sent fo find gold in the land of the AZTECS
Cortes marched to the capital of Tenochtitlan
Those who didn’t like the Aztecs helped Cortes

10. Cortes vs. Aztecs
Moteuhzoma – Aztec emperor believed Cortes was the light-skinned god that was believed to return one day to rule them
Cortes took him as prisoner
They fought strong, but had no guns and horses like the Spanish
Many died in battles, but also diseases
Mexico City built on the ruins of Tenochtitlan

11. Conquistador vs. Aztec Warrior
Horse
Armor made of steel
A gun
Aztec Warrior
Armor made of quilted leather
Wood shield w/ feather fringe
Wooden club

12. Seven Cities of Gold??? Cortes found gold
Spanish leaders in Mexico City heard talk of seven cities of gold
Priest, Marcos de Niza, sent to look with his slave, Estevanico
Estevanico was killed on mission
DeNiza returned and said he saw the golden city

13. Francisco Vasquez de Coronado
1540 went to look for city of gold
Explored lands in what is now SW U.S.
He was first explorer to come up into Oklahoma
No city of gold found

14. NEW SPAIN Lands claimed by Spain became known as New Spain
These included:
Mexico
Southwestern United States
Florida

15. What was the aim of Coronado’s expedition?
To find the golden cities.

16. Background
Marcos de Niza never entered the Zuni pueblo where Estevanico was killed.
Instead, he saw the pueblo from a distance at sunset.
The sun’s rays reflecting on the stone and adobe walls created a golden color which is why de Niza thought the pueblo was one of the legendary golden cities.

17. Francisco Pizarro
1531, led an expedition into the western coast of South America
Met people from the Inca empire, led by Atahuallpa
Priest told Atahuallpa they MUST accept Christianity and Spanish rule – he said NO
Taken prisoner and died
Pizarro conquered the Inca empire

19. Hernado de Soto Explored Southeaster U.S.
1539, Sailed from Cuba to Tampa Bay
First European to see the Mississippi River

20. De Soto battles Met many Native American Conflicts were bloody
1542 De Soto died of a fever
They claimed all land they explored.
Spain now claimed much of southern U.S.

21. De Soto’s route

22. Catholic Church Rules
People in Europe begin to question the Catholic Church
They had forced people to follow rules and pay taxes
Had its own courts – punished those who went against the church

23. Religious Reforms Martin Luther – German priest
Began calling for open reforms, changes, in the Catholic Church.
Reformation – period of reforms
Luther forced out of church
Those who protested the Catholic leaders became known as Protestants.
Lutheran church and Protestants formed new churches.

24. Counter-Reformation Catholic church made changes
The church banned books going against their teachings
Focus on spreading the church to New Spain
Missionaries (religious teachers) sent to convert Native Americans

25. Missionaries
Missionaries held ceremonies to make the Native Americans Catholic
Later they taught them the teachings of the church
Many forced to become Catholic and enslaved
Some tried to keep their beliefs, but others were forced to change how they lived and worship

26. Which empire to Cortes conquer in Mexico?
Aztec

27. Explored and claimed for Spain land that is now the state of Florida?
Juan Ponce de Leon

28. Explored and claimed for Spain much of what is now the southwestern United States?
Francisco Vasquez de Coronado

29. Explored and claimed for Spain much of the southern half of what is now the United States?
Hernando de Soto

30. What explorer took control of the Inca Empire in Peru?
Francisco Pizarro

31. The End