1. Stead-Ease BME Senior Design Midterm Presentation October 22, 2009 Andrea Castaneda - Daniel Miranda - Jennifer Wang - Kevin Yeroushalmi - Joseph Youssef Project Advisor: Clark Hung Course Advisors: Elizabeth Hillman – Keith Yeager – Lauren Grosberg

2. Introduction Constraints & Specifications Summary Introduction Products Ideas In the US, Multiple Sclerosis (MS) affects approximately 400,000 people, primarily people between the ages of 20 and 40 In the US, Parkinson’s Disease (PD) affects approximately 550,000 people, primarily people over the age of 40 In the US, Essential Tremor (ET), the most common movement disorder, affects approximately 1.5 million people, primarily people over the age of 40

3. Tremors TypeActivationFrequencyAssociated Disorder/Disease “Essential”Movement10-12 HzEssential Tremor IntentionTarget- directed movement 2-5 HzMultiple Sclerosis Essential Tremor PosturalCounter-gravity position 8-12 HzEssential Tremor RestingRelaxation3-7 HzParkinson’s Disease PhysiologicalNone8-12 HzNone Constraints & Specifications Summary Introduction Products Ideas

4. Available Treatments TreatmentProsCons Therapies Drug Therapy Non-invasive ~$150 pppy for PD Loss of effectiveness over time Induced motor complications ~$40,000 pppy for MS Physical Therapy Maintains range of motion and flexibility Cannot cure symptoms or diseases Occupational Therapy Adjusts to individual lifestylesDoes not address the actual problem Procedures Deep Brain Stimulation Adjustable stimulation Targets electrical signals in specific areas of the brain Invasive surgery ~ $150,000 Plasma Exchange Removes antibodies that destroy myelin Infection Blood clotting Constraints & Specifications Summary Introduction Products Ideas

5. Design Problem Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Essential Tremor (ET) cause intention tremors Assistive devices are commercially available Many different methods of treatment are available, but not always appropriate or effective Currently, no devices sufficiently reduce tremors and/or guide movement Constraints & Specifications Summary Introduction Products Ideas

6. Design Brief Detection and dampening of unwanted motion in the forearm and/or wrist Assist patient in eating, writing, and transporting objects Temporary attachment to user Inconspicuous design to avoid public attention Constraints & Specifications Summary Introduction Products Ideas

7. Constraints & Specifications Summary Introduction Products Ideas Assistive Devices

8. Products that Reduce Tremors ProsCons Feedback allows for specific control ~850 g Will further fatigue arm and tremor could increase from overexertion Focus on three regions for complete tremor analysis and dampening Bulky and unsightly which causes patient embarrassment Constraints & Specifications Summary Introduction Products Ideas

9. Products that Reduce Tremors Constraints & Specifications Summary Introduction Products Ideas ProsCons Distal tremor suppression good for task specific devices Does not have feedback input to adjust to different tremors Relatively small and coverable Might cause pain due to stiff wrist design

10. Products that Reduce Tremors ProsCons Use of viscous fluid for resistance to tremor Finger piece obstructive in completing tasks device is intended for Adjustable resistance in dashpots Dampening is 2D and does not occur laterally Constraints & Specifications Summary Introduction Products Ideas

11. Design Constraints Functionality – Selective tremor reduction – Must not inhibit range of motion Aesthetics – Must not be bulky Safety – Must be easy to use, adjust and remove device – Should not injure or harm the user in any way Constraints & Specifications Summary Introduction Products Ideas

12. Design Specifications Functionality – Elasticity for adjusting degree of control/ dampening Aesthetics – Will be lightweight – Inconspicuous, form-fitting device Safety – Nontoxic, hypoallergenic, noncarcinogenic, non- latex materials Constraints & Specifications Summary Introduction Products Ideas

13. Idea 1 Constraints & Specifications Summary Introduction Products Ideas Bead Sleeve Linear Accelerometer Leads Actuators Chains of metal beads Battery Thin, light, breathable material Form- fitting sleeve

14. Idea 2 Magneto-Rheological Fluid Sleeve Linear Accelerometer Leads Actuators Magneto-Rheological (MR) Fluid Metal coils for magnetic field Battery Thin, light, breathable material Form- fitting sleeve Constraints & Specifications Summary Introduction Products Ideas

15. Idea 3 Arm-Tray Clamp System attached to surface with a clamp Series of segments and joints connected by springs Arm tray attached to system Adjustable elastic bands around arm tray Adjustable threshold, air- filled dashpot Spring coupled with dashpot Constraints & Specifications Summary Introduction Products Ideas

16. Acknowledgements Faculty Advisor: Clark Hung Course Advisors: – Elizabeth Hillman – Keith Yeager – Lauren Grosberg Professional Consultants: – Paul Greene, MD – Joseph Mayer, MD Constraints & Specifications Summary Introduction Products Ideas

17. Website Constraints & Specifications Summary Introduction Products Ideas