1. Acupuncture: Ancient Art to Modern Equine Medicine Jessica Jordan Animal Science October 2000

2. Objectives History Understanding Chinese Medicine Materials and Methods Types of Acupoints Main uses of Acupuncture Effective Combinations Success Rates Conclusion

3. History Earliest evidence Chinese development

4. Understanding Chinese Medicine What is Chi? Yin and Yang Meridians –12 paired –2 unpaired

5. Yin and Yang Negative Charge Solid Organs Lung Spleen Heart Kidney Heart Constrictor Liver Positive Charges Hollow Organs Large Intestine Stomach Small Intestine Bladder Triple Heater (body pump) Gall Bladder Governing Vessel Conception Vessel

6. Kidney and Bladder Meridians

7. How Does Acupuncture Work? Stimulates nerves Increases blood circulation Relieves muscle spasms Releases hormones –Endorphins –Cortisol

8. The Acupuncture Process Altman, 1994

9. Methods and Materials Simple needling Bleeding Heat Injection Implantation

10. The Needles 10 cm Bleeding needles Fire needles Fine bleeding needle Standard needles Snader, 1994

11. Methods and Materials Simple needling Bleeding Heat Injection Implantation Electro-stimulation

12. Electro-Stimulation DeRock, 1999

13. Methods and Materials Simple needling Bleeding Heat Injection Implantation Electro-stimulation Laser

14. Laser Acupuncture BioScanLight, 1999

15. Methods and Materials Simple needling Bleeding Heat Injection Implantation Electro-stimulation Laser Acupressure

16. Magner-Skeries, 2000

17. Types of Acupoints Permanent Interim Locating –Topographical-anatomical descriptions –Palpation and examination –Electrical skin resistance

18. Main Uses of Acupuncture Treatment of injuries Treatment of physical and behavioral problems Training methods Relaxation of stressed animals

19. The Simplest Form Jordan, 2000

20. Stableizer www.thestableizer.com, 2000

21. Injuries and Problems Treated Chronic lameness Chronic back pain Intestinal impaction Infertility Tetanus

22. Effective Combinations Aromatherapy Chiropractic Herbal Medicine Homeopathy Nutritional Supplements Acupressure

23. Success Rates Musculoskeleton –Soreback 75 - 85% –Saddle sore 80 - 100% –Laminitis 80 - 90% –Navicular up to 80% –Foot Abscess up to 80%

24. Success Rates Gastrointestinal –Colic 80 - 100% –Cribbing 29% –Gastric Ulcer 100%

25. Success Rates Respiratory –Heaves 50 - 85% –Bleeders 75 - 90% –Rhinitis up to 90%

26. Success Rates Reproductive –Anoestrous 50-100% –Cystic Ovaries 75-90% –Repeat Breeders 70-95% –Stallion problems good

27. Conclusion Safe Side effects Treatment time Costs Certification Other Species