1. THE CATTLE INDUSTRY AND RAILROADS IN TEXAS Grade 04 Social Studies Unit: 09 Lesson 02 ©2012, TESCCC

2. CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING  Check your answers on your Reading Notes: Cattle and Railroad Industry Handout.  Your answers do NOT need to match my answers exactly.  You may add to your answers or change an answer as we go through the PowerPoint. ©2012, TESCCC

3. HOW DID THE CATTLE INDUSTRY BEGIN IN TEXAS?  The Spanish brought cattle to Texas and the vaquero (cowboy) took care of them on ranches.  Do any of you know someone who is a rancher or a cowboy? ©2012, TESCCC

4. WHY DID THE CATTLE INDUSTRY GROW IN TEXAS AFTER THE CIVIL WAR?  There was a demand for beef as a food source, especially in the North.  Texas had a large supply of cattle. ©2012, TESCCC

5. HOW DID TEXANS GET THEIR CATTLE TO MARKET?  Texans got their cattle to market by cattle drives. Name at least two states that had railroads that got cattle to market.  Two states could include Kansas, Wyoming, Nebraska, and Missouri. Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk ©2012, TESCCC

6. NAME A CONTRIBUTION MADE BY CHARLES GOODNIGHT.  Charles Goodnight was a cowboy who blazed the Goodnight Loving cattle trail.  The trail extended from Texas to Wyoming. Image source: http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/people/d_ h/goodnight.htm ©2012, TESCCC

7. NAME A CONTRIBUTION MADE BY RICHARD KING.  Richard King was the founder of the largest ranch in Texas called the King Ranch.  Have any of you visited the King Ranch? Image source: http://www.stxmaps.com/go/the- king-ranch-in-1864.html ©2012, TESCCC

8. NAME A CONTRIBUTION MADE BY LIZZIE JOHNSON.  Lizzie Johnson was the first woman in Texas to ride the Chisholm Trail and own a ranch.  How many of you would like to go on a cattle drive or own a ranch?  Is there anyone in our class who has actually worked cattle on horseback? Image source: http://celiahayes.wordpress.com/2011/01/22/th e-anti-lily-bart-lizzie-johnson-williams/ ©2012, TESCCC

9. DRAW AND LABEL TWO PICTURES OF TWO EXAMPLES OF TECHNOLOGY THAT WERE DEVELOPED BECAUSE OF THE CATTLE INDUSTRY. Image from: http://openclipart.org/detail/19289  Barbwire is a twisted wire with sharp points that fenced in cattle.  Joseph Glidden invented barbwire, which helped ranchers keep their herds safe from cattle rustlers, although ranchers first preferred their herds to roam the open range. Image source: http://en.wikipedia.org http://en.wikipedia.org ©2012, TESCCC

10. DRAW AND LABEL TWO PICTURES OF TWO EXAMPLES OF TECHNOLOGY THAT WERE DEVELOPED BECAUSE OF THE CATTLE INDUSTRY.  Windmills pumped water from under the ground, so cattle did not have to be herded to a water source.  Windmills helped ranchers lose fewer head of cattle to drought.  Windmills also helped ranching become more profitable. Image from: http://www.clipartlab.com/clipart_ preview/structures.php ©2012, TESCCC

11. WHAT LED TO THE END OF THE CATTLE INDUSTRY?  Settlers moved to Texas and fenced-in the open range.  This left fewer acres of land for grazing cattle.  This is why ranchers and farmers were sometimes not friendly to one another in the late 1800s. ©2012, TESCCC

12. THE RAILROAD COMES TO TEXAS! Image source: http://school.discoveryeducation.com/clipart/clip/oldtrain.html ©2012, TESCCC

13. THE RAILROAD COMES TO TEXAS! ©2012, TESCCC

14. NAME AT LEAST TWO INDUSTRIES THAT HAVE BEEN IMPACTED BY THE RAILROAD.  Railroad transferred agriculture products and lumber to other parts of the United States. ©2012, TESCCC

15. BASED ON THE MAP, NAME AT LEAST ONE IMPACT RAILROADS HAD ON TEXAS.  The railroad caused the growth of cities.  People moved to the cities to start small businesses that provided goods and services. ©2012, TESCCC

16. 3-2-1 SUMMARY  Turn to a neighbor.  3 = Take turns and tell your neighbor 3 NEW Things you learned about cattle ranching in Texas.  2 = Take turns and tell your neighbor 2 NEW Things you learned about the railroad in Texas.  1 = Take turns and ask your neighbor 1 question you have about cattle ranching or the railroad in Texas. ©2012, TESCCC