1. Muscular Dystrophy By: Krystal Freeman

2. Is What? Is a genetic disorder that weakens the muscles that help the body move. is a group of disorders that involve muscle weakness and loss of muscle tissue that gets worse over time. is a group of genetic, degenerative diseases primarily affecting voluntary muscles.

3. Types of Muscular Dystrophy –Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy –Becker Muscular Dystrophy –Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy –Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy –Facioscapulohumernal Muscular Dystrophy –Myotonic Dystrophy –Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy Not covered since is found later in life 40’s to 50’s –Distal Muscular Dystrophy –Congenital Muscular Dystrophy

4. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy One nine types, Typically affects the individual between age two to six years old Is caused from a non existence of dystophin which is a protein that helps keep muscle cell intact. Has an overall weakness and wasting of muscles of the hip, pelvic area, thighs and shoulders. Eventually effects all voluntary muscles including the heart and muscles used to breath with. Primarily found in boys which is inherited from their mothers

5. Becker Muscular Dystrophy Very similar to Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy in how what it effects and what it effects in the body Is typically found during adolescents and adulthood Progresses slowly. Most live into mid to late adulthood Primarily affects boys and men who received it from their mothers

6. Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy Usually found by the age 10 Weakness and wasting of shoulder, upper arm and calf muscles; joint stiffening; Causes: Mutations in the genes that produce emerin, lamin A or C, proteins in the membrane that surrounds the nucleus of each muscle cell. Progresses slowly

7. Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Found anytime between childhood and adulthood Cause: is a mutation in any of the 15 different genes that affect proteins that are needed for muscle function Effects the shoulders and hips. Typically moves slowly

8. Facioscapulohumernal Muscular Dystrophy Found by age 20 Caused by a missing piece of DNA on chromosome 4. Weakness/wasting of the muscles around the eyes and mouth, and of the shoulders, upper arms and lower legs. Can move further down to the abdominal and hip. Progresses slowly yet has periods of rapid deterioration. Can span over many decades.

9. Myotonic Dystrophy Congenital form appears at birth however the more common form may begin in teen or adult stage of life Cause is by a repeated section of DNA on either Chromosome 19 or 3. Overall weakness. Affecting the face, lower legs, forearms, hands and neck. (other symptoms: vision, heart/respiration, learning disabilities in some cases) Is more severe form Slow effect that can last for 50 to 60 years.

10. Distal Muscular Dystrophy Effects lower arms, hands, lower legs and feet. Cause is a mutation in any of at least eight genes that affect proteins necessary to the function of muscles. Found from childhood to adulthood. Is not life threatening and slow moving

11. Congenital Muscular Dystrophy Found at or near birth Genetic mutation that affects some of the proteins needed for muscles and sometimes for the eyes and or brain Overall muscle weakness, maybe some joint stiffness or looseness. –Different types include: spinal curvature, respiratory insufficiency, mental retardation, or learning disabilities, eye defects or seizures.

12. Adaptive Technologies? The world of computers have become wonderful for many that suffer that muscular dystrophy –They can use computers to help write if they have limited mobility, a strong knowledge of fingertips for many, –Alternate keyboards, voice input systems, adapted joysticks, word prediction programs, electronic pointing devices, other adaptations.

13. Classroom To know and understand their type of Muscular Dystrophy To help them achieve the fullest potential that they are able to meet Make sure they are not left out and are included into the groups under all circumstances. Make sure they are equally treated by everybody in the classroom including yourself. Since many do not have learning disabilities they are only limited onto what their body is able to do, find things that make them able to participate.

14. Websites & Works Cited www.mdasua.org www.health.google.com www.webmd.com http://kidshealth.org/teen/diseases_conditions/bones/muscular_dystr ophy.htmlhttp://kidshealth.org/teen/diseases_conditions/bones/muscular_dystr ophy.html http://www.parentingexposed.com/education/teaching-children-with- muscular-dystrophy.phphttp://www.parentingexposed.com/education/teaching-children-with- muscular-dystrophy.php http://www.mdausa.org/publications/tchrdmd/dmd2.html http://www.mdausa.org/publications/journey/7-4.html http://www.fctd.info/factsheet/glossary