1. superlatives
And
comparatives

2. Comparatives and Superlatives are special forms of adjectives
Comparatives and Superlatives are special forms of adjectives. They are used to compare two or more things. Generally, comparatives are formed using -er and superlatives are formed using -est. This page will explain the rules for forming regular comparatives and superlatives, and also show some basic ways of using them.

3. Forming regular comparatives and superlatives
How these forms are created depends on how many syllables there are in the adjective. Syllables are like "sound beats". For instance, "sing" contains one syllable, but "singing" contains two -- sing and ing. Here are the rules:

4. Only one syllable, ending in E. Examples: wide, fine, cute
Adjective form
Comparative
Superlative
Only one syllable, ending in E. Examples: wide, fine, cute
Add -R: wider, finer, cuter
Add -ST: widest, finest, cutest
Only one syllable, with one vowel and one consonant at the end. Examples: hot, big, fat
Double the consonant, and add -ER: hotter, bigger, fatter
Double the consonant, and add -EST: hottest, biggest, fattest
Only one syllable, with more than one vowel or more than one consonant at the end. Examples: light, neat, fast
Add -ER: lighter, neater, faster
Add -EST: lightest, neatest, fastest
Two syllables, ending in Y. Examples: happy, silly, lonely
Change Y to I, then add -ER: happier, sillier, lonelier
Change Y to I, then add -EST: happiest, silliest, loneliest
Two syllables or more, not ending in Y. Examples: modern, interesting, beautiful
Use MORE before the adjective: more modern, more interesting, more beautiful
Use MOST before the adjective: most modern, most interesting, most beautiful

5. Comparatives Superlatives
Comparatives are used to compare two things. You can use sentences with THAN, or you can use a conjunction like BUT. Examples:
Jiro is taller than Yukio.
Yukio is tall, but Jiro is taller.
Superlatives
Superlatives are used to compare more than two things. Superlative sentences usually use THE, because there is only one superlative. Examples:
Masami is the tallest in the class.
Yukio is tall, and Jiro is taller, but Masami is the tallest.

6. Comparative Form and Superlative Form (irregular comparisons)
positive form
comparative form
superlative form
good
better
best
bad / ill
worse
worst
little (amount)
less
least
little (size)
smaller
smallest
much / many
more
most
far (place + time)
further
furthest
far (place)
farther
farthest
late (time)
later
latest
late (order)
latter
last
near (place)
nearer
nearest
near (order) -
next
old (people and things)
older
oldest
old (people)
elder
eldest

7. Ej. small - smaller 1. good 2. intelligent 3. old 4. dark 5. bad 6
Ej. small - smaller 1. good 2. intelligent 3. old 4. dark 5. bad 6. large 7. narrow 8. new 9. easy 10. funny

8. Exercise on Comparison of Adjectives
Fill in the correct form of the words in brackets (comparative or superlative).
1. My house is_____________ (big) than yours.
2. This flower is_______________ (beautiful) than that one.
3. This is the______________ (interesting) book I have ever read.
4. Non-smokers usually live_______________ (long) than smokers.
5. Which is the________________ (dangerous) animal in the world?
6. A holiday by the sea is _______(good) than a holiday in the mountains.
7. It is strange but often a coke is _______________(expensive) than a beer.
8. Who is the ___________________(rich) woman on earth?
9. The weather this summer is even _____________(bad) than last summer.
10. He was the __________________(clever) thief of all

9. 1. Joe is_________ than Ed. (short) 2. Al is the__________. (short) 3
1. Joe is_________ than Ed. (short) 2. Al is the__________ . (short) 3. Ed ist he___________ . (thin) 4. Joe is_________ than Al. (thin) 5. Al has the______ clothes. (colourful) 6. Al is_________ than Joe. (heavy) 7. Ed is the_____________ . (light) 8. Joe is__________ than Ed. (happy) 9. Ed is the___________ . (mysterious) 10. Joe is________ than Ed. (energetic)