1. GREEN BUILDING MATERIALS AND TECHNIQUES S O L A R S T R A T E G I E S TARA HAGAN

2. Materials http://www.worldofstock.com/slides/NPF3519.jpg

3. Recycled Building Materials http://www.cleanmpg.com/photos/data/2/eyesore_200707.jpg Santa Monica parking garage CONCRETE - locally mined aggregate RECYCLED GLASS MATERIAL STRUCTURAL STEEL - 68% post industrial recycled content (pre consumer recycled) SALVAGED - Reusing products such as brick, lumber, and fixtures instead of producing more saves resources and energy POST CONSUMER RECYCLED CONTENT - recycled content in used materials to manufacturing new materials PRE CONSUMER RECYCLED CONTENT - byproducts from industrial processes used in manufacturing new building materials

4. Conserving Natural Resources DURABLE, long lasting building materials require less maintenance and replacement which leads to less of a drain on resources. Fiber Cement Siding Slate Shingles Vitrified Clay Waste Pipe Fiberglass Windows CERTIFIED WOOD PRODUCTS guarantees appropriate forest management and protection of resources. RENEWABLE PRODUCTS have a shorter harvest period than others such as wood; 10 years or less on average. Generally they are biodegradable and produced from crops Linoleum Natural Paints Cork Organic Textiles http://www.stlarchitects.com/news/images/Swisspearl.gif Fiber Cement Siding Composed of sand, clay portland cement and wood fiber Although the durability of fiber cement siding makes it green, other factors such as the use of portland cement detract from making it completely environmentally friendly

5. Avoiding Toxic Emissions There are many places in which a product can avoid or produce emissions. Whether it be in its manufacturing process, components, or maintenance it requires, a material can be considered green by avoiding emissions in some way or another. UNPROCESSED (OR LOW PROCESSED) PRODUCTS use minimal amounts of energy and are at low risk of emissions during the manufacture process. Wood Slate Shingles Stone Mineral Products Agricultural Products ALTERNATE PRODUCTS use processing substances other than those that are hazardous to the environment. REDUCING EMISSIONS IN DEMOLITION are ways in which products can be made to pollute less in the demolition phase. Erosion control products Exterior paints with low VOC emission Fluorescent lamps (low mercury) http://www.bricoleurbanism.org/wp- content/uploads/2007/03/tallest-wooden-house_e.jpg Wood avoids an extensive manufacturing process.

6. Saving Energy ENERGY EFFICIENT WINDOWS keep buildings cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter. They can also offer a higher degree of insulation. SOLAR ENERGY can be harnessed through the use of solar panels ENERGY EFFICIENT INSULATION can be provided by insulated concrete forms, and SIP’s. Structurally insulted panels (SIP’s) are a type of building envelope that is air tight and well insulated with a very high R value. LIGHTING CONTROL SYSTEMS turn lights on and off automatically when needed in regards to occupancy and natural lighting levels. http://www.sanyo.co.jp/clean/solar/hit_e/index_e.html Solar Power generation facility in Japan dedicated to the teaching and research of solar power.

7. ZERO EMISSIONS Using natural materials so that no harmful chemicals are released into the atmosphere Some synthetic materials release toxic and even carcinogenic gases due to organic compounds and solvents. When placed in the interior of buildings without proper ventilation NATURAL MATERIALS “either organic or mineral in origin, either grown in the earth or extracted from it, which are used in unaltered form” (Keefe 2) “not processed or modified in a way that requires the consumption of significant amount of energy” (Keefe 3) Renewable Resources examples : timber, straw, plant fibers, stone, sand, gravel, subsoil Easier to recycle Reduce Water Pollution REDUCE STORMWATER POLLUTION by porous paving or roof gardens. http://www.greenroofs.com/images/chic-zumthor1.jpg Green roof of a thermal bath facility by Peter Zumthor

8. Techniques

9. The Site TRANSPORTATION Locate the building in an urban area or nearby in order to facilitate walking, biking and use of public transportation. SUNLIGHT Placement of a building so that it maximizes the amount of light it receives is also important. Avoid shaded areas and keep in mind that the south side will receive more sun. NATIVE SPECIES By planting native species of plants, the amount of water and maintenance required decreases. The classic lawn may also be eliminated and replaced with grasses more specific to the particular region. Choose native species

10. Ventilation CONTROL Systems that allow control and measure are often more efficient such as a heat recovery ventilation system. WINDOW PLACEMENT Cross ventilation can be achieved by placing windows on opposite sides of a room. STACK EFFECT By using the principle of warm air rising, windows can be placed at a lower level to let cool fresh air in, while fans or windows at a higher level to let air out. www.econrgltd.com/.../ air_ventilation.htm Heat Recovery Ventilation System

11. Sources http://www.buildinggreen.com http://www.sustainablebuildingcentre.com/energy/site_planning http://www.talkgreen.ca/1st-leed-parking-garage-santa-monica-civic-center/ http://www.smarttimberframes.com/techniques.html http://www.city.davis.ca.us/cdd/pdfs/GreenBuilding/H_Green_Building_Ideas.pdf