1. By-Product Reductions

2. The Concrete Joint Sustainability Initiative is a multi-association effort of the Concrete Industry supply chain to take unified and integrated action for Sustainable Development

3. Concrete JSI members have signed a joint agreement committing to act on 9 Declarations. Declaration #4 addresses 8 Social Values of Concrete Structures http://www.sustainableconcrete.org http://www.sustainableconcrete.org

4. Declaration #4: “Our integrated thinking will focus on the following Social Values provided by Concrete Structures”: 1. Resource efficiency5. By-product reduction 2. Safety/protection6. Aesthetics 3. Financial responsibility7. Societal connectivity 4. Operational continuity8. Longevity/durability

5. This presentation discusses Social Value #6: By-Product Reductions

6. By-product Reductions What it Means ReduceRecycle Reuse

7. By-product Reductions Benefits Virgin material savings Embodied energy reduction Emission reductions Performance enhancement Reduction of land-filled waste Cost reductions

8. Big Industry Footprint After water, concrete is most widely used material in the world 2x more than plastic, steel, aluminum, and wood, combined CO 2 from cement mfg: U.S. < 1.5%

9. How Big Are We? U.S. EPA, “Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Key Industrial Sectors in the United States, 2008 report

10. For More Information http://www.epa.gov/sectors/ performance.html http://www.epa.gov/sectors/ pdf/greenhouse-report.pdf

11. Cement Manufacturing Photo Courtesy of Titan America, LLC

12. Combustion & Grinding 35 – 40% Calcining 60 - 65% Where does the CO 2 come from?

13. Manufacturing Improvement Energy Savings 2.3 million homes / year

14. Manufacturing Improvements Alternative Materials 45% of plants

15. Manufacturing Improvements Alternate Fuel Usage 65% of plants

16. Alternate Fuels 58 million

17. U.S. Cement Manufacturing Improvement Goals By 2020* Reduce carbon dioxide - 10% Reduce energy use – 20% Reduce cement kiln dust – 60% Implement EMS at plants - 75% (* from a 1990 benchmark for a unit of production) www.cement.org/smreport08

18. U.S. Ready Mixed Concrete Production Goals By 2020 Embodied energy: 20% reduction Carbon footprint: 20% reduction Potable water: 10% reduction Waste: 30% reduction Recycled content: 200% increase

19. Material Reuse and Recycling

20. Supplemental Cementitious Materials 23 million metric tons diverted in 2007

21. Recycled Concrete 125 - 140 million Tons / year Stapleton Airport Deconstruction Photo courtesy of Recycled Materials Corp.

22. Reinforcing Steel 97% recycled and 100% recyclable 97%

23. Adaptive Reuse 199 S. Fifth Street Condominiums, Columbus, Ohio Meyers + Associates Architecture Images courtesy of Meyers + Associates and ESTO Photography

24. New Developments Wind turbines at California Portland Cement New cement formulations Alternative energy research “Smog eating” concrete

25. Why it’s important to next Generations Extends the use of finite material resources, energy, and land Reduces emissions and landfill waste Supports all 3 aspects of the Triple Bottom Line

26. Thank You American Coal Ash Association American Concrete Institute American Concrete Pipe Association American Shotcrete Association American Society of Concrete Contractors Architectural Precast Association American Segmental Bridge Institute Cast Stone Institute Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute Concrete Sawing & Drilling Association Concrete Foundations Association Expanded Shale, Clay and Slate Institute Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute International Concrete Repair Institute National Concrete Masonry Association National Precast Concrete Association National Ready Mixed Concrete Association Portland Cement Association Post-Tensioning Institute Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute RMC Research and Education Foundation Silica Fume Association Slag Cement Association Tile Roofing Institute Tilt-Up Concrete Association Wire Reinforcement Institute