1. Scour Protection Measures GUATEMALA BRIDGE

2. Scour  Bridge scour is the removal of sediment such as sand and rocks from around bridge abutments or piers. Scour, caused by swiftly moving water, can scoop out scour holes, compromising the integrity of a structure.  60% of all bridge collapses occur because of scour  Water flows faster around piers, foundations, and abutments

3. Localized Scour: Preventative Measures “Alternative Designs for Pier and Scour Protection…” Colorado State University Soil-Cement Mix  Comprised of Rip-rap and Portland Cement  Serves as protective underlayment surrounding exposed foundation Purpose?  Lateral movement of channel will displace soil around/under foundation  Soil-cement mix acts as shield against localized scouring

4. Localized Scour: Preventative Measures (Continued) Elevation of Soil-Cement Underlayment  Rip-Rap/Portland Cement  #57 stone aggregate  Sand Natural Filter Media  Natural stone filter media prevents bed erosion  Utilize on-site materials  Low cost  Low maintenance  Soil-cement shield to be excavated to pour as a slab-on-ground

5. Cross Vane/Bendway Weirs Directs flow/scouring away from foundation towards the middle of the river

6. Waterproofing  Liquid-applied Bituminous Waterproofing  Surface-Applied Crystalline Concrete Waterproofer