1. Coming of Age Rhetorical concepts
Unit I: Part I
Coming of Age
Rhetorical concepts

2. Bellringers http://mreldridge.net/dailyExercises.aspx
Syntax, diction, imagery, details, tone

3. Diction/Syntax Prezi: Extra practice (Bellringer)

4. Rhetoric
the study of writing or speaking as a means of communication or persuasion.

5. Voice
A writer’s or speaker’s unique personality expressed using imagery, syntax, diction, and tone.

6. Voice
Syntax
Diction
Imagery
Tone

7. Syntax Sentence structure Etymology: Syn: together
Ex. Synthesis, synonym, synchronize
Tax: arrangement/order
Ex. Taxonomy, taxidermy

8. Examples of syntax choices
Sentence length: long, short, mid-length
Kinds of sentences: simple, compound, complex, compound-complex (p 10)
Quotations: direct, indirect (p15)
Periodic sentence: p 43
Cumulative sentence: p45
Balanced sentence: p46

9. Diction
Word choice

10. Diction Scale
The four types of diction with a range of formality are in this order:
Formal
Please exit the edifice and decamp to your abode.
Casual
Get out of here, and go home!
Colloquial
Y’all head on home now, y’hear?
Slang (Least Formal)
Dude, totally, like, go chill at your, like, crib.

11. Examples agree – concur begin – commence end – terminate
think – cogitate
skinny—slim
building—edifice

12. Ways to talk about diction
Artificial false Literal apparent, word for word
Bombastic high sounding, pompous,
ostentatious
Moralistic puritanical, righteous
Colloquial vernacular (slang) Obscure unclear
Concrete actual, specific, particular Obtuse dull-witted, undiscerning
Connotative alludes to; suggestive Ordinary everyday, common
Cultured cultivated, refined, finished Pedantic didactic, scholastic, bookish
Detached cut-off, removed, separated Plain clear, obvious
Emotional expressive of emotions Poetic lyric, melodious, romantic
Esoteric understood by a chosen few Precise exact, accurate, decisive
Euphemistic insincere, affected Pretentious pompous, gaudy, inflated
Exact verbatim, precise Provincial rural, rustic, unpolished
Figurative serving as illustration Scholarly intellectual, academic
Formal academic, conventional Sensuous passionate, luscious
Grotesque hideous, deformed Simple clear, intelligible
Homespun folksy, homey, native, rustic Slang lingo, colloquialism
Idiomatic Peculiar, vernacular Symbolic representative, metaphorical
Insipid uninteresting, tame, dull Trite common, banal, stereotyped
Jargon vocabulary for a profession Informal casual, relaxed, unofficial
Learned educated, experienced Vulgar coarse, indecent, tasteless

13. More words to describe diction
Abhorrent abrupt accusing accusatory admonitory bantering bitter boring brash bucolic calm cautious childish coarse cold colloquial concerned despairing desperate disdainful disgusted ecstatic effusive elated elegiac eloquent embittered erudite exuberant foreboding gloomy harsh haughty hopeful humble indignant inflammatory irreverent irritated ironic joking joyful light loving miserable melancholic nervous nostalgic optimistic outraged paranoid passionate patronizing pedantic peaceful pessimistic pitiful pleasant playful proud pompous pretentious questioning reflective reminiscent resigned romantic sad sanctimonious sarcastic sardonic scornful sentimental serene serious sharp shocked silly solemn somber soothing snobbish snooty sympathetic taunting turgid vexed vibrant whimsical angry anxious appreciative apologetic arrogant audacious condemning dark condescending contemptuous dreamy mocking moralistic mournful persuasive piquant cynical compassionate confidant

14. Bouncing into the room, she lit up the vicinity with a joyous glow on her face as she told about her fiancé and their wedding plans. Bouncing – lit – joyous – glow – fiancé - wedding What kind of words are these?

15. Bouncing into the room, she lit up the vicinity with a joyous glow on her face as she told about her fiancé and their wedding plans. ____ diction contributes to the ____ tone. Cheerful diction contributes to the euphoric tone. Or uplifting diction contributes to the joyful tone.

16. Harvard accepted her, allowing this child the opportunity to study in the same halls as the many famous scholars before her, giving her the chance to excel in her field in the best college in the United States. ____ diction contributes to the ____ tone.

17. Harvard accepted her, allowing this child the opportunity to study in the same halls as the many famous scholars before her, giving her the chance to excel in her field in the best college in the United States. ____ diction contributes to the ____ tone. lofty diction contributes to the elevated tone.

18. Drawing the attention of his classmates, as well as his teacher, the student dared to experiment with his professor’s intelligence by interrogating him about the Bible. ____ diction contributes to the ____ tone.

19. Drawing the attention of his classmates, as well as his teacher, the student dared to experiment with his professor’s intelligence by interrogating him about the Bible. ____ diction contributes to the ____ tone. challenging diction contributes to the confrontational tone.

20. Gently smiling, her mother tenderly tucked the covers up around the child’s neck, and carefully, quietly, left the room, making sure to leave a comforting ray of light shining through the opened door should the child awake. ____ diction contributes to the ____ tone. loving diction contributes to the serene tone.

21. The laughing wind skipped through the village, teasing the trees until they danced with anger and cajoling the grass into fighting itself, blade slapping blade, as the silly dog with golfball eyes and flopping, tongue bounded across the lawn. ____ diction contributes to the ____ tone.

22. The laughing wind skipped through the village, teasing the trees until they danced with anger and cajoling the grass into fighting itself, blade slapping blade, as the silly dog with golfball eyes and flopping, tongue bounded across the lawn. ____ diction contributes to the ____ tone. humorous diction contributes to the happy-go-lucky tone.

23. Remember……………………… What kind of words are there
Remember……………………… What kind of words are there? And how do they make you feel?

24. Imagery: 2 kinds Words and phrases that appeal to your five senses:
Sight
Taste
Smell
Hearing
Touch

25. Figurative Language
Metaphor
Simile

26. Imagery Examples
Touch: chill, clammy, cold, grainy, gritty, jarring, knobby, moist, numb, rough, smooth, sting, tingle
Taste: bland, bitter, brackish, metallic, minty, peppery, salty, sour, spicy, sweet
Smell: acrid, fetid, greasy, musky, musty, pungent, putrid, rancid, rank, reek, refreshing, airy, flowery
Sound: bellow, blare, buzz, chime, clang, clatter, clink, crackle, crash, creak, gurgle, hiss, hum, murmur, pop, purr, rattle, rustle, screech, snap, squeak, whine, whisper
Sight: blaze, bleary, bloody, chalky, ebony, florid, foggy, gaudy, grimy, haze, muddy, pallid, smudged

27. Imagery and Word Choice

28. Imagery
Use of words to paint a picture that allows a creative image to form in the reader’s mind. The writer chooses words carefully so that the sights, sounds, smells, tastes, and feelings they are describing form a vivid image for the reader
EXAMPLES:
The smell of cookies filled the room with pungent cinnamon and tangy ginger.
She walked into the room and all fell silent as she swayed through the crowd in all of her glory.

29. Word Choice
Makes the writing more attractive to the reader. Uses precise, vibrant language to create sentences that paint pictures for the reader. Word Choice is what helps the writer with imagery!

30. Imagery Activity
Expand on each of these sentences to make them more vivid and alive.
The house looked run down.
The tree had new buds.
The cookies were burned.
The couch was comfortable.

31. Word Choice Activity
Using a thesaurus, find words to describe these common every day, over used words with words that sound “better”
Good
Happy
Sad
Tired
Hate
Love
Stupid
Fat
Bad

32. Writing your own!
Think of your three favorite colors. How would you describe what those colors looks like to someone else?

33. Color Poem
Now answer these questions in reference to your favorite color:
List 1: What things LOOK (color)? List 2: What things SOUND (color)? List 3: What things SMELL (color)? List 4: How does (color) FEEL? List 5: What makes YOU FEEL (color)? List 6: What things TASTE (color)? List 7: What EXPERIENCES or IDEAS seem (color)? List 8: Can you think of any (color) PLACES?

34. Create a Color Poem as a class:
What things LOOK_______________?

35. What things SOUND ______________?

36. What things SMELL_______________?

37. How does ____________FEEL?

38. What makes YOU FEEL ___________?

39. What things TASTE____________?

40. What EXPERIENCES or IDEAS seem__________?

41. Can you think of any ____________ PLACES?

42. Tone
The attitude a writer has towards his subject and/or characters

43. Tone Examples I don’t care! Leave me alone!
Sure, you look great. Yeah, right.
Aw, shucks…Do you really mean it?
I can’t wait to get up in the morning and start my day!
Ummm…I’m not sure; I mean, can you explain what you mean again?

49. Terms for Test Review

50. Unit I Rhetorical Terms: Communication
Voice
Diction
Syntax
Imagery
Tone
Gloss
Analogy

51. Unit I Rhetorical Terms: Persuasion
Ad hominem
Advertising techniques: bandwagon, avant-garde, testimonials, facts and figures, transfer
Rhetorical appeals
Pathos
Ethos
Logos

52. Unit I Literary Terms Protagonist Hyperbole Simile Metaphor Prose
Point of View

53. Unit I Grammar Concepts
Compound/Complex sentence
Direct quote
Indirect quote
Subjunctive verbs
Reciprocal pronouns
Periodic sentence
Cumulative sentence
Balanced sentence
Restrictive/nonrestrictive clauses

54. Unit I Word Etymologies
Pathos
Path
Syntax
syn
Tax
Protagonist
proto
Agon

55. Lesson On voice or mood