1. Mars

2. Essential Points 1.Mars is about half the size of Earth 2.Mars has a thin carbon dioxide atmosphere 3.Mars has volcanoes and faults but no plate tectonics 4.Mars had liquid water early in its history 5.Evidence for life on Mars is debatable

3. Mars About half the size of Earth Rotates in 24.5 hours Ranges from 207 to 249 million km (129 to 155 million miles) from Sun Period: 687 days Two tiny satellites

4. Mars and Earth

5. The Surface of Mars Thin carbon dioxide atmosphere about 1/150 as dense as Earth’s Surface temperatures -20 to -200 C Polar caps of ice and frozen carbon dioxide Large rift valley (Vallis Marineris) Huge Shield Volcanoes (Olympus Mons) Evidence for former liquid water

6. Mars as Lowell Knew It

7. Lowell’s Mars

8. Lowell’s Venus

9. Modern Imaging Technology Improves Earth-Based Views of Mars Greatly

10. Mars from Mariner 9

11. Mars Viking Mosaic

12. Mars Topography

13. Vallis Marineris

14. Huge Landslide in Vallis Marineris

15. Layered Deposits in Vallis Marineris

16. Active Landslide on Mars

18. Olympus Mons

19. Summit of Olympus Mons

20. Phobos over Olympus Mons

21. Mars’ Polar Caps

22. Polar Cliffs on Mars

23. Dunes on Mars

24. Water on Mars

25. Channels on Mars

26. Floods on Mars

27. Where’s the Water Now?

28. Recent Water on Mars?

29. How to Lose an Ocean If water is exposed to solar UV and particles, it breaks down to H + O (photo- dissociation) Happens if water gets into upper atmosphere – Planet gets hot (Venus) – Planet loses atmosphere (Mars) Oxygen combines with iron and other elements, on Mars may also have escaped

30. Landing on Mars

31. Mars as Seen by Viking

32. Mars from Pathfinder

33. Martian Winter

34. Martian Sunset

35. Layered Rocks on Mars

36. Cape St. Vincent

37. Opportunity’s Shadow

38. Spirit Makes Tracks

39. Digging Out

40. Hole on Mars

41. Wind Erosion on Mars

42. Ice in Martian Crater

43. Martian Glacier?

45. Martian Dust Devil

46. Dust Devil Tracks

47. Phobos and Deimos

48. Phobos and its Shadow

49. Martian Solar Eclipses

50. Earth From Mars

51. Jupiter From Mars

52. The Face on Mars

53. Martian Meteorite

54. Martian Fossils ?

55. Essential Points 1.Mars is about half the size of Earth 2.Mars has a thin carbon dioxide atmosphere 3.Mars has volcanoes and faults but no plate tectonics 4.Mars had liquid water early in its history 5.Evidence for life on Mars is debatable