1. Figurative Language

2. Figurative Language:
Is language or speech that contains images and is NOT intended to be interpreted in a literal sense
Describes something through unusual comparison for effect, interest, and to make things more clear
The most common figures of speech are simile, metaphor and alliteration

3. Figures of Speech:
Imagery: language that appeals to the senses. Descriptions of people, or objects stated in terms of our senses.
Simile: a direct comparison between two unlike things, using the words like or as. Example: The muscles on his brawny arms are strong as iron bands.

4. Figures of Speech:
Metaphor: an implied comparison between two relatively unlike things using a form of the verb “to be”. The comparison does NOT use like or as. Example: The road was a ribbon of moonlight.
Alliteration: repeated consonant sounds that occur at the beginning of words. It is used to create melody, establish mood, call attention to important words, and point out similarities and contrasts.
Example: wide-eyed and wondering while we wait for others to wake

5. Figures of Speech:
Personification: gives the qualities of a person to an animal, an object, or an idea. Used to communicate a certain feeling or attitude, or to control the way a reader perceives it.
Example: sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines.
Onomatopoeia: the use of words to mimic sounds
Example: Snap! Crackle! Pop!

6. Figures of Speech:
Hyperbole: An exaggerated statement used to enhance effect
Example: She’s said so on several million occasions
Idioms: language specific expressions
Example: A little bird to me
Achilles' Heel
Jack of all trades
Tables are turned
Take your breath away

7. Figures of Speech:
Paradox: a statement or situation containing apparently contradictory or incompatible elements, but may actually be true.
Example: green is gold
Men work together whether they work together or apart
Irony: an expression or situation used in opposition to what one would expect Example: the fire station burned down

8. Rhyme:
Refers to the repetition of similar sounds occurring at regular intervals
Example: Hey, diddle, diddle; The cat and the fiddle….
Five kinds of rhyme:
End Rhyme: the duplication of sounds that takes place at the end of lines
Example: Little Boy Blue, come blow your horn, The sheep’s in the meadow, the cow’s in the corn
2. Rhyme: Rhyme that occurs within a single line of poetry
Example: Little Bo Peep has lost her sheep

9. Rhyme cont.
3. Forced Rhyme: A rhyme that is created by mispronouncing words, or inventing words to make the rhyme work.
Example: Farewell, Farewell, you old rhinoceros
I’ll stare at something less prepocerous
4. Imperfect Rhyme: a rhyme between a stressed and unstressed syllable
Example: wing and caring
5. Perfect Rhyme: final accented vowels of rhyming words are identical
Example: sight and flight, sadness and madness

10. Rhyme Scheme: The pattern of rhymed words
Stanzas are often linked by their rhyme scheme
Written out in letter form
Example: Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall
Humpty Dumpty had a great fall
All the king’s horses and all the king’s men
Couldn’t put Humpty together again!

11. Rhythm: a pattern in the beat of stresses in the stream of sound
Tone: the expression of a literary speaker’s attitude
Example: the tone can be happy, sad, reflective, etc.
Couplet: a pair of rhymed lines