2. Selection Focus 4-1

3. Selection 4 Contents Before You Read Reading the Selection Responding to Literature Click a hyperlink to go to the corresponding content area.

4. To read and analyze two poems about people who are unhappy with their lives Before 4-1

5. Before 4-2 Edwin Arlington Robinson was born in 1869 and died in 1935. Click the Speaker button to hear more about Edwin Arlington Robinson.

6. Before 4-3 BACKGROUND The Time and Place More than sixty of Robinson’s best poems are set in Tilbury Town, a fictional setting modeled on the poet’s hometown, Gardiner, Maine. The characters that Robinson portrayed tend to be loners and misfits as Robinson often felt himself to be. They live in places where people feel pressured to conform and where the creative genius is ignored or misunderstood.

7. Before 4-4 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. List Ideas Spend five minutes writing about a time when you felt very sad. What was the cause? How did you deal with the situation?  FOCUS ACTIVITY Have you ever felt extreme sadness?  Setting a Purpose Read to learn about two unhappy characters.

8. A Reading 4-A Active Reading Question A B C D E FA B C D E F Navigation Toolbar What does the speaker mean when he says that Cory “was always human when he talked”? He means that Cory was down-to-earth and friendly to others. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

9. Reading 4-B Literary Language Note that people watch as Cory travels downtown, just as crowds watch royal processions. What words or phrases compare Cory to royalty? The phrases “He was a gentleman from sole to crown,” “imperially slim,” and “richer than a king” compare Cory to royalty. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Literary Elements B

10. Does this make Cory’s action at the end of the poem surprising? Possible answer: The townspeople struggle to survive, while Cory has many luxuries. The lives of the townspeople are outwardly more difficult, which makes Cory’s suicide surprising. Reading 4-C Analyzing Think about how the lives of the townspeople compare to Cory’s life. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Critical Thinking C

11. Reading 4-D Connect D Active Reading Do you know people who refer to the good old days? Which times in history are these people referring to when they use this phrase? Were these times in history better than today?

12. Reading 4-E Character Literary Elements E According to lines 9–12, what does Cheevy do with his time? He spends his time dreaming of long-lost days. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What does he not do? He does not work.

13. What is the effect of the repetition of the word thought in lines 27–28? This repetition reinforces the idea that Cheevy either cannot or will not act. Reading 4-F Evaluate Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. F Active Reading

14. Responding 4 Contents Personal Response Analyzing Literature Click a hyperlink to go to the corresponding content area.

15. Response 4-1 PERSONAL RESPONSE What was your reaction to the last line in each poem? Give reasons for your answer.

16. Analyzing 4-1 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Summarize the speaker’s description of Richard Cory. In what ways does Cory’s life differ from the lives of the “people on the pavement”? He is rich, well-dressed, and educated. He lives luxuriously compared to the “people on the pavement.” RECALL AND INTERPRET

17. Analyzing 4-2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What does Richard Cory do “one calm summer night”? What does this action seem to suggest about the people’s view of his life? He shoots himself in the head, which suggests that his life was not so enviable. RECALL AND INTERPRET

18. Analyzing 4-3 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Evaluate how the poet’s choice of speaker adds to your understanding of the poem’s theme, or central message. By choosing a speaker who had envied Richard Cory, the poet emphasizes that people should not judge others by outward appearances. EVALUATE AND CONNECT

19. Analyzing 4-4 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Explain why Richard Cory’s fate is an example of situational irony. The outcome of the poem–Cory’s shooting himself–is the opposite of what the speaker and the other townspeople expected. EVALUATE AND CONNECT

20. Analyzing 4-5 Have you ever envied someone, only to find out that his or her life was quite different from your perception of it? Explain. EVALUATE AND CONNECT

21. Analyzing 4-6 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Describe how Miniver Cheevy spends his time. What does he seem to want from life? Do you think he can ever attain it? Why or why not? Cheevy spends his time resting, dreaming, bemoaning his fate, and drinking. He wants to live in a fantasy vision of the past. RECALL AND INTERPRET

22. Analyzing 4-7 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What does Cheevy blame for his unhappiness? What do you think is the real reason he is unhappy? Explain. Cheevy blames the world in which he lives because it is unlike the romantic days of yore. Perhaps Cheevy is unable or unwilling to make his life extraordinary, or perhaps his drinking contributes to his problems. RECALL AND INTERPRET

23. Analyzing 4-8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. How does the speaker’s tone affect your attitude toward Cheevy? The speaker’s tone is sarcastic and critical of Cheevy. This makes the reader amused by or disdainful of him. EVALUATE AND CONNECT

24. Analyzing 4-9 Compare a sad experience of your own experience and the way you handled it with the way Cheevy copes with his own situation. EVALUATE AND CONNECT

25. Analyzing 4-10 If you could live in a different time and place, what would you choose? Why? EVALUATE AND CONNECT

26. Gram. & Lang. 4-1

27. Gram. & Lang. 4-2 grow weepbehave go thinkbe

28. Making Inferences RT Skills 4-1 This feature is found on page 556 of your textbook. After listening to the introduction, read the information about inferences on page 556 of your textbook. Then complete the exercises on the following slides.

29. RT Skills 4-2 Making Inferences What inferences can you make about the main character in “Richard Cory”? One can infer that, although he is wealthy and polite, he hides a deep unhappiness. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. This feature is found on page 556 of your textbook.

30. RT Skills 4-3 Making Inferences What details from “Richard Cory” support your inferences? From line 6, the reader can infer that he is polite and well mannered. Line 16 implies that Cory must have been very unhappy. From lines 11–12, the reader can infer that he hid his sadness. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. This feature is found on page 556 of your textbook.

31. RT Skills 4-4 Making Inferences What personal knowledge or experience tells you that your inferences are correct? Possible answer: People who commit suicide are often unhappy and lonely but may not show signs of depression. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. This feature is found on page 556 of your textbook.