1. Chapter 4 Lesson 2 Colonial Government Day 1

2. DO NOW: What are some modern ideas about government in America?
Example : People should vote for their leaders

3. Human Graph
England had a King. That means that the English government was not very modern/ progressive for the time.

4. Human Graph FALSE England was a “Parliamentary Democracy”
That is, they had a King, but a Parliament which had “checks” on the King’s power.

5. Human Graph
Because of their King, English people had very few rights.

6. Human Graph
FALSE
English citizens benefitted from a progressive rights based system. They enjoyed:
Trial by Jury
Property Rights
Representative Government (elected parliamentary officials)

7. Questions we will focus on:
What are American ideas about government?
Where did these ideas come from?

8. It Matters Because
Using ideas from England and their own experiences, American colonists began developing their beliefs about the proper form and role of government.

9. English Principles of Government
Ideas about government had developed over hundreds of years
TWO MAJOR IDEAS
1. PROTECTED RIGHTS
2. REPRESENTATIVE LEGISALATURES
*These two ideas influenced the development of American ideas about government

10. Protected Rights
Colonists believed that government must respect civil liberties/rights
This was a British Idea that began with the signing of the Magna Carta, a British document reforming the King and his relationship to people’s rights
Signed in 1215
Gave people protection against unjust treatment or punishment

11. Magna Carta Video

12. Representative Government
Representative (Person who represents)
English had tradition of electing leaders to represent them to “Parliament”
Parliament is like our Congress, a legislature
A legislature is a body of government that writes laws.

13. Parliament Two houses of Parliament House of Lords House of Commons
Eldest sons of England’s aristocracy (the upper, ruling class)
House of Commons
Commoners, mostly merchants and property owners elected by other property owners
*This body that wrote laws influenced the US Congress

14. Representative Government
In mid 1600s- power struggle between King James II and Parliament
This power struggle was a dispute about the power of parliament vs the king.
It was also about religion. Parliament feared King James would bring bath Catholicism as England’s religion.
1688- Parliament removed King James II from power and crowned William of Orange and Mary to rule.
William and Mary

15. Video (begin at 0:56)

16. Representative Government
William and Mary promised to govern England according to the laws passed by Parliament.
Called this transfer of power “The Glorious Revolution”
From this time on, no ruler would have more power than the Parliament.

17. Glorious Revolution Video

18. The English Bill of Rights
1689- English Bill of Rights passed
Stated that the ruler could not suspend Parliament’s laws, impose taxes, or raise an army without Parliament’s consent.
Members of Parliament had to be freely elected.
Citizens of England had the right to a fair trial by jury
Also banned cruel and unusual punishment

19. Government in America
13 Colonies began as either charter or proprietary colonies
Charter colonies were based on a charter (a grant of rights by the King to a company)
Example: Massachusetts, Virginia
Proprietary colonies were the property of an owner or group of owners.
Example: Pennsylvania

20. Royal Colonies
Many colonies later became a Royal colony (under control of Britain)
VA became royal in 1624
In a royal colony:
Parliament appoints a governor and council
King/ Parliament controlled their actions
Colonists selected an assembly
Often argued with governor and council
Only white men with property could vote for members of assembly

21. Local Government in the Colonies
Over time townspeople began discussing local issues at town meetings.
These developed into local governments with landowners holding the right to vote and pass laws
Developed strong belief in their right to self govern.
Helped set the stage for American revolution

22. Closure Day 1
How did the Magna Carta influence government in the colonies?
Give an example of representative government in Britain and in America.
What is a legislature?
What is the British legislature called?
American legislature called____________.

23. 4.2 Colonial Government Day 2

24. Day 2 Opener Have you ever had something taken away? Video games
Participation on a team
Hanging out with a friend?
Write a summary of what it was and how you felt when it was taken away.

25. I see I think I wonder

26. Discussion- What is the purpose of a colony?
What do you think Britain wanted to get out of having the colonies in the Americas?

27. What Britain wanted from Colonies

28. English Economic Policies
Mercantilism
-A country builds wealth and power by building its supplies of gold and silver.
-To achieve this goal, a country must export, or sell to other countries, more than it imports, or buys from other countries.
-A country gets rich by building colonies to supply raw materials to sell

29. Mercantilism Video

30. Mercantilist Policy
England views the colonies and colonists as making money for England
England did not have a lot of respect for colonists
They thought of them as wild/ frontiersman, not really culturally English
Yet, Colonists thought of themselves as part of English society and as entitled to the same rights and representation as others living in England

31. Question to focus on:
How did the colonists react to England’s economic policies?

32. How the Colonists thought of themselves
The Colonists were proud to be English. As Englishmen, they viewed themselves as supporters of liberal English government:
Rights based
Representative government
VERY INDEPENDENT
BELIEVED IN INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS

33. English Economic Policies
England looked to America for raw materials such as tobacco, rice, indigo, wheat, lumber, fur, leather, fish, and whale products.
They also wanted colonists to buy English manufactured goods such as tools, clothing, and furniture.

34. English Economic Policies
England began passing a series of laws called the Navigation Acts in the 1650s.
The laws forced colonists to sell their raw materials to England even if they could get a better price elsewhere.

35. Navigation Acts
All trade goods had to be carried on ships built in England or the Colonies.
The crews of these ships had to be English as well.
Goods bought by the colonies from other countries in Europe had to go to England first and be taxed.
Video

36. Colonial Resistance At first, they accepted the Navigation Acts
Later, came to resent the acts
Colonists wanted to manufacture their own goods rather than buy English goods.
Also wanted to sell to nations other than England
Colonists smuggled goods to avoid taxes
Controls on trade would later harm their relationship.

37. Closure: Discussion
Look back to your “opener” where you wrote about something you had being taken away.
How do you think this relates to Colonists and the Navigation Acts?
How did the Navigation Acts restrict the freedom of the colonists?
How did that make them feel?
Create a tweet and complete left sides.