2. The Call for Independence Chapter 5 Section 3 Pages 149 - 152

3. Cast of Characters Tories Tories Patriots Patriots Quakers, Mennonites, Moravians Quakers, Mennonites, Moravians Redcoats Redcoats Council of Safety Council of Safety Fence Sitters Fence Sitters The 1.6 million people who lived in the colonies could be divided into many distinctive groups

4. Tories AKA: Loyalists, British Royalists, “King’s Friends” Individuals who were loyal to the King of England Individuals who were loyal to the King of England Many Tories lived in Georgia Many Tories lived in Georgia Believed that since the King founded the colonies and was financially supporting the colonies he had the right to rule Believed that since the King founded the colonies and was financially supporting the colonies he had the right to rule Many Tories had family that still lived Many Tories had family that still lived in Great Britain in Great Britain Tories believed that life under Patriot Tories believed that life under Patriot rule would be extremely hard rule would be extremely hard

5. Patriots AKA: Whigs, Liberty Boys, Colonials, Sons and Daughters of Liberty Citizens ready to cut ties with Great Britain Citizens ready to cut ties with Great Britain The Liberty Boys were a part of the Sons of Liberty, and their daring acts represented the spirit of the Revolution The Liberty Boys were a part of the Sons of Liberty, and their daring acts represented the spirit of the Revolution Noble Wimberly Jones was a Patriot Noble Wimberly Jones was a Patriot

6. Quakers, Mennonites, Moravians Pacifist - A person who does not believe in war or violence of any kind Pacifist - A person who does not believe in war or violence of any kind Had religious objections to war Had religious objections to war Often lived in isolated communities away from the cities Often lived in isolated communities away from the cities

7. Redcoats AKA: Lobsterbacks British soldiers were the most feared soldiers in the world British soldiers were the most feared soldiers in the world Some were forced to fight against Patriot colonists Some were forced to fight against Patriot colonists Got their name because of their red uniforms Got their name because of their red uniforms

8. Council of Safety Set up by Georgia Patriots in 1775 when the Provincial Congress voted to join the other colonies in a boycott of trade with Great Britain Set up by Georgia Patriots in 1775 when the Provincial Congress voted to join the other colonies in a boycott of trade with Great Britain Enforced the trade boycott against Great Britain Enforced the trade boycott against Great Britain All of the colonies had similar groups All of the colonies had similar groups

9. Fence sitters Didn’t want to choose the losing side Didn’t want to choose the losing side Would not commit to being Tory, Patriot or pacifist Would not commit to being Tory, Patriot or pacifist Worried about consequences of the war Worried about consequences of the war

10. Of the Tories, Patriots or Pacifists, which of these groups would you want to belong to? Why?

11. Causes of the American Revolution The French and Indian War Taxes (Sugar Act, Tea Act, Etc.) Boston Massacre Boston Tea Party Intolerable Acts Provincial Congress Boycott

12. Sugar Act ► Placed a tax on sugar and molasses imported from the West Indies ► Passed April 5, 1764 ► Georgia concerned because of trade ties with Jamaica and Barbados

13. Passed in November, 1765 Placed a tax on newspapers, legal documents and licenses Gave the colonists a target for their rage Sons of Liberty formed in response to this act Stamp Act

14. Townshend Act Passed in 1767 Passed in 1767 Placed import taxes on tea, paper, glass and coloring for paints Placed import taxes on tea, paper, glass and coloring for paints Many colonists stopped painting their house to protest the Townshend Act’s tax on paint Many colonists stopped painting their house to protest the Townshend Act’s tax on paint

15. Tea Act Passed in 1773 to help the failing East India Company Passed in 1773 to help the failing East India Company Allowed the East India Company to ship tea directly to the colonies Allowed the East India Company to ship tea directly to the colonies Company sold tea for less than what colonial merchants could sell it for Company sold tea for less than what colonial merchants could sell it for Patriots dumped 342 chests Patriots dumped 342 chests of tea into the Boston Bay of tea into the Boston Bay ◦“ The Boston Tea Party ”

16. Quartering Act ► A final punishment from Parliament ► Passed in 1774 in response to the Boston Tea Party ► Colonists had to house and feed British soldiers at their own expense

17. Intolerable Acts Quartering Act put British soldiers in the homes of ordinary colonists Quartering Act put British soldiers in the homes of ordinary colonists The Closing of Boston Harbor cut the city off from valuable trade goods The Closing of Boston Harbor cut the city off from valuable trade goods Town meetings couldn’t be held without the colonial governor’s permission Town meetings couldn’t be held without the colonial governor’s permission British officials that committed capital crimes (murder) were tried in Britain instead of the colonies British officials that committed capital crimes (murder) were tried in Britain instead of the colonies

18. Colonial Response On September 5, 1774 all of the colonies (except Georgia) sent representatives to the Continental Congress On September 5, 1774 all of the colonies (except Georgia) sent representatives to the Continental Congress The Congress gathered to respond to the Intolerable Acts The Congress gathered to respond to the Intolerable Acts One group wanted to seek Independence from Great Britain One group wanted to seek Independence from Great Britain Another group wanted to make changes, but still remain under British rule Another group wanted to make changes, but still remain under British rule

19. The Congress’ Decision After much debate, the Continental Congress agreed to stop all trade with Great Britain After much debate, the Continental Congress agreed to stop all trade with Great Britain Committees of Safety were established to enforce the trade boycott Committees of Safety were established to enforce the trade boycott The work of the Continental Congress was considered treason and punishable by death The work of the Continental Congress was considered treason and punishable by death

20. Georgia’s Response Georgia did not send a representative to the Continental Congress, but issued their own reaction to the Intolerable Acts in August 1774 Georgia did not send a representative to the Continental Congress, but issued their own reaction to the Intolerable Acts in August 1774 Georgia issued a resolution saying that the Intolerable Acts violated their rights as Englishman Georgia issued a resolution saying that the Intolerable Acts violated their rights as Englishman Georgia held its own Provincial Congress in January 1775, but it ended with no major outcomes Georgia held its own Provincial Congress in January 1775, but it ended with no major outcomes

21. QUIZ Tories Tories Patriots Patriots Quakers, Mennonites, Moravians Quakers, Mennonites, Moravians Redcoats Redcoats Council of Safety Council of Safety Fence sitters Fence sitters Sugar Act Sugar Act Stamp Act Stamp Act Townshend Act Townshend Act Tea Act Tea Act Quartering Act Quartering Act