1. Ron Sega U.S. Air Force (ret.) Military Officers Association of America (MOAA) Ohio Council of Chapters

2. Sputnik October 4, 1957

3. Yuri Gagarin

4. Mercury

5. Gemini

6. Apollo

7. Apollo-Soyuz

8. Space Shuttle - Discovery

9. 9 901 TAG and 302 TAW (1982-1987) Test Flight – May 26, 2010 Photos from 910 AW website

10. STS-60 Space Shuttle Discovery 1994

11. Source: http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/gallery/photos/1996/high/KSC-96PC-2961.10.jpg

12. Source: http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/gallery/photos/1995/high/KSC-95PC-0969.jpg

13. Source: http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-60/sts-60-patch.jpg

22. Source: http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/luceneweb/fullimage.jsp?searchpage=true&keywords=wake&textsearc h=Go&hitsperpage=5&pageno=3&photoId=STS060-74-054

23. Source: http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/images/shuttle/sts-69/hires/sts069-723-072.jpg

24. Source: http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/luceneweb/fullimage.jsp?searchpage=true&keywords =wake&textsearch=Go&hitsperpage=5&pageno=2&photoId=STS060-54-018

25. Source: http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/lucene web/fullimage.jsp?searchpage=tru e&keywords=wake&textsearch=G o&hitsperpage=5&pageno=3&phot oId=STS060-57-033

26. Source: http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/luceneweb /fullimage.jsp?searchpage=true&key words=wake&textsearch=Go&hitsper page=5&pageno=2&photoId=STS06 0-09-024

27. Source: http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/images/shuttle/sts-69/hires/sts069-732-048.jpg

28. Source: http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/images/shuttle/sts-69/hires/sts069-724-095.jpg

29. STS-76 Space Shuttle Atlantis to Mir 1996

36. International Space Station

37. 37 Director of Defense Research and Engineering, Department of Defense Three Areas of Increased Emphasis National Aerospace Initiative Surveillance and Knowledge Systems Energy and Power Technologies Technical Systems Reviews Technology Readiness Assessments Task Force support to Systems Development Workforce Initiative DUSD (Laboratories and Basic Sciences) National Defense Education Program (NDEP)

38. 38 Hypersonics -- X-51A Test Flight – May 26, 2010

39. 39 FY02 FY12 Power Needs Energy & Power Technologies… - Enabling a More Electric Force POWER GENERATION Fuel Cells & Fuel Reforming Novel Power ENERGY STORAGE Batteries Capacitors POWER CONTROL AND DISTRIBUTION Switching & Conditioning Power Transmission & Distribution Thermal Management FUEL CELL New Operational Capabilities Electric Warship Warrior High Power Microwave Space Based Radar Hybrid/Electric Combat Vehicle Electric/Hybrid Weapons More Electric Aircraft

40. Under Secretary of the Air Force  Space Department of Defense Executive Agent for Space Back to Basics in Acquisition and the Block Approach Systems Engineering Workforce  Research and Development Alignment with Needs and Redistribution of Risk Stability in Basic Research  Energy “Make Energy a Consideration in All We Do” Energy Strategy (Supply and Demand – with Metrics)

41. Acquisition Stages—Block Approach - GPS III Example Block 2 Systems Development System Production Block 1 Block 4 Block 3 Technology Development Block 3 Block 6 Block 5 Block 7 IIIAIIIBIIIC Cross Links Spot Beam Clocks Science & Technology

42. Space Test Program-1 Launch

43. Tactical Satellite Experiment-2 (TacSat-2) Successful Launch, 16 Dec 06 Ground Terminal – China Lake Capability: Field tasking/data downlink in same pass One meter tactical imagery Specific emitter ID & geolocation Dynamic retasking Autonomous tasking/checkout/on-orbit maintenance, on-board data processing Total mission cost w/ launch ~$63M First Image, Pacific Ocean Notes: First of TACSAT series on-orbit Utilized the Minotaur launch vehicle Launched from Wallops Island Facility Successfully commanded spacecraft from China Lake ground station

44. 44 Air Force Energy Strategy - Addressing Supply & Demand “Make Energy a Consideration in All We Do” Accelerate development and use of “Alternative” sources Synthetic Fuel for Aviation Renewable Energy for Installations Enhance energy efficiency -- aviation and infrastructure Promote a culture where Airmen conserve energy

45. 45 Air Force Energy Use (as Percentage of Cost) Source: DESC FY06 Cost Data Fuels Enterprise System & Defense Utility Reporting System Aviation Mobility Trainer Bomber Facility Fighter Ground “Other” 18% 8% 3% 42% 20% 2% 7% A $10/BBL INCREASE IN THE COST OF CRUDE OIL DRIVES A ~$600M/YR INCREASE IN THE COST TO AF OPERATIONS

46. 46 Air Force Energy Strategy Oversight Structure Senior Focus Group Infrastructure WG Acquisition & Tech WG Aviation Operations WG Innovative Financing Working Group Strategic Outreach Working Group Critical Infrastructure Program WG Synthetic Fuels WG

47. 47 Examples of Air Force Energy Initiatives in the United States Center of Excellence Demonstration Sites Fuel Cell/Electric Warehouse Tractor Selfridge ANGB, MI Low Speed Vehicles Shaw AFB, SC Advanced Power Technology Office, Robins AFB, GA Demonstrate H 2 Production & Military Fuel Cell Vehicle Grand Forks AFB, ND Synthetic Fuels Research, Air Force Research Lab, WPAFB, OH Air Force Energy Office, Tyndall AFB, FL Wind generation farm, FE Warren AFB, WY 14MW Photovoltaic generation, Nellis AFB, NV B-52 SynFuel Flight Demo, Edwards AFB, CA Waste energy and ice plant, Dyess AFB, TX 122 KW Photovoltaic project, Luke AFB, AZ

48. 48 Synthetic Fuel Blend Engine Run (AFRL)

49. 49 B-52 Initial Flight Test of Synthetic Fuel/JP-8 Blend—Flight Crew (September 2006)

50. United Airlines / Rentech Engineering Validation Flight - April 30, 2010 (Colorado) RenJet Fuel Loading

51. Education / Workforce Initiatives  National Defense Education Act -- 1958  Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Study  National Defense Education Program (NDEP)  NAS Study: Rising Above the Gathering Storm  MOAA Educational Foundation  The MOAA Scholarship Fund  Interest-Free Loan and Grant Program  The American Patriot Scholarship

52. Systems Engineering Trend toward increasing complexity of systems Aerospace, Energy, Environment, Health Care, etc. Needs of industry and government National Surveys Colorado Industry and Government Surveys Systems engineering education at CSU Undergraduate emphasis on systems approach Master of Engineering in Systems Engineering began in the Fall 0f 2008 M.S. and Ph.D. in Systems Engineering with an emphasize Energy Systems began in the Fall of 2010 52

53. Challenges mentioned most as keys to our energy future: Create breakthroughs in approaches to integrating complex energy systems Improve the energy efficiency of buildings Improve battery and grid level storage of energy Advance development of renewable energy sources Develop energy-efficient biofuels without compromising food production Deploy cost-effective clean coal technology Make development of shale energy sources more sustainable Develop commercially viable nuclear fission and fusion Increase access to sufficient clean water to meet energy needs Implement a national energy policy

54. Develop university-level centers and campus-level test beds to address industry problems Create environments for innovation Contribute to National Energy Policy by offering key theoretical and empirical inputs to policy development Test Beds and National Energy Policy

55. 55 Concluding Thoughts “We owe our current prosperity, security, and good health to the investments of past generations, and we are obliged to renew those commitments in education, research, and innovation policies to ensure that the American people continue to benefit from the remarkable opportunities provided by the rapid development of the global economy and it’s not inconsiderable underpinning in science and technology.” Reference: Rising Above The Gathering Storm: Energizing and Employing America for a Brighter Economic Future, National Academy of Sciences, 2005

56. We Are All In This Together 56