1. The Civil Rights Movement: Chapter 38 Review

2. What Rights are worth fighting for?
Are all Americans entitled to the same civil rights?
What are the risks of demanding rights?
Why might some people fight against equal rights?
Do we have true equality today in the United States?

3. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

4. Growth of the Civil Rights Movement
Truman ends segregation in armed forces 1948
Congress refuses to pass civil rights legislation
Jim Crow still ruled the South
Decision of civil rights left up to the Supreme Court head by Chief Justice Earl Warren

5. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka 1954

6. Montgomery Bus Boycott
Began w/ Rosa Parks Dec. 1st 1955
Lasted 1 year
Gave rise to 27year old Rev. Martin Luther King

7. Little Rock Nine
September Central High School was to enroll 9 black students
Gov. Orval Faubus of Arkansas mobilized the National Guard to keep the students from entering
President Eisenhower sent in troops to escort children to their classes

9. Death of Emmett Till- 1955
His death caused a serge in the Civil Rights Movement
Showed the brutality of southern violence towards African- Americans
created outrage across the nation

10. Emmett Till

11. Martin Luther King Jr.
Formed the Southern Christian Leadership Conference 1957
Mobilized black churches to work towards black rights
Believed in peaceful demonstrations
1st phase of Civil Rights Movement

14. Civil Rights Act 1957 passed under Eisenhower
Set up a civil rights commission to investigate violations of civil rights and authorized federal gov. to protect voting rights

15. “Sit-In”

16. Student Non-violent Coordination Committee

17. Freedom Ride

18. James Meredith
Won case allowing him to enroll at University of Mississippi
Gov. Barnett would not let him register
President Kennedy ordered federal marshals
Riots erupted lasting 15 hours

19. Children Take Action Birmingham, Alabama April 1963

20. Children in Jail

21. President Kennedy Acts
June 11, 1963 sends troops to University of Alabama to enforce desegregation
Calls for new civil rights legislation
MLK “March on Washington”

22. Kennedy Assassination
Kennedy unable to pass Civil Rights Legislation due to southern democrats
Fight continued by Lyndon B. Johnson
Civil Rights Act of banned discrimination based on sex, race, religion
Voting Rights Acts of eliminated literacy tests in the South

23. Robert Kennedy

24. Watts, Los Angeles

25. Black Power 2nd phase of Civil Rights movement
Civil Rights movement changes from non- violence protests of MLK to use of force tactics of Malcolm X
Nation of Islam
Elijah Muhammad

26. 1965

27. Black Muslims Nation of Islam (Black Muslims)
Belief that Blacks should separate from white society as whites caused their condition
Malcolm X was a follower believed in armed self defense

28. In March 1964 Malcolm left the Nation of Islalm and established his own religious organization, the Organization of Afro-American Unity.
advocated world brotherhood.
blamed racism on Western culture and urged African Americans to join with sympathetic whites.
Malcolm X was shot dead at a party meeting in Harlem on 21st February, Three Black Muslims were later convicted of the murder.

29. Black Panthers Began in Oakland, Ca. Led by Stokely Carmichael
“Black Power”

31. April 4, 1968- MLK Assassination

32. June 5,1968 Robert Kennedy Assassination

36. 2009