1. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 1 UPA Package 4, Module 3 SPATIAL DATA INTEGRATION

2. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 2 Spatial Data Integration Project and Process GIS Spatial Data Integration and Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) Implementation of a local SDI and Local Urban Observatories Introduction exercise 4.3.4

3. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 3 Project and Process GIS Project GIS Examples: research, pilot projects, ad-hoc, lack of continuation, stand-alone GIS, GIS at operational level, mushrooming of intra-institutional GIS projects, data duplication BUT clear focus and effective to reach project objectives Process GIS Clear vision, benefits for the organization, stability, capability, realistic approach (operational GIS first, analytical GIS second), reliable large (national) spatial and other data producers (mapping, cadastre, statistics) Institutional embedding, stable institutional/political environment

4. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 4 Project and Process GIS Project GIS Process GIS

5. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 5 Compatibility of Databases

6. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 6 Spatial Data Infrastructure (Local) Spatial Data Infrastructure A combination of technologies, policies and inter-institutional relations to facilitate access to spatial data www.gsdi.org (GEO)Information and Communication Technology PeopleOperational, Analytical, Management, Strategy Datamaps, databases, compatibility, up-to-date TechnologyHard-Software, networks, support InstitutionsCollaboration, data sharing, political / institutional stability $Benefits, costs, cost reduction, revenue generation, efficiency gains

7. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 7 Spatial Data Infrastructure

8. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 8 Spatial Data Infrastructure

9. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 9 Model Intranet GIS Arnhem

10. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 10 Gradual Development of a GIS Setting up the system: 1 Equipment 2 Mapping Group 3 Inventory 5 Thematic Maps 6 Suitability / Sensitivity Maps 4 Basic Map 7 Overlay Project Design Site Selection Development Pattern 8 Public Information Exhibitions The Web Publications 9 Maintaining Updating Training Institutionalisation

11. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 11 Spatial Data Integration The base/topographical map is the base layer for other thematic GIS layers (see also foundation and framework data Basic landforms Grid lines Road network Hydrological network common cartographic standards (scale, legend, and layout)

12. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 12 Thematic Maps Thematic maps are… showing strictly factual information derived from research

13. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 13 Thematic Map Malaria Prone Areas

14. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 14 Suitability / Sensitivity Maps defines areas suitable for certain purposes according to “conditions” and “rules” provides a number of options

15. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 15 Implementation of Local SDI Step-by-step (set priorities) Clear outputs and results, time frame Institutional (at various levels) and political support Gradual and similar development of: Human Capacity (Humanware) Data (Infoware) Technology (Technoware) Institutional (at various levels) and political support (Orgware)

16. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 16 humanware orgware technoware infoware

17. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 17 Exercise 4.3.4 Data Aggregation of Single data sets Integration of National Statistical and Local data sets Integration of Neighborhoods with postcode areas Disaggregation of variables from neighborhood to postcode level Visualization of aggregation, integration and disaggregation

18. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 18 Spatial Data Incompatibility

19. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 19 Which is the correct map?

20. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 20 Exercise 4.3.4 Part of the Municipality of Enschede, showing the boundaries of the neighbourhoods (thick lines) and postcode 5 level boundaries (thin lines) Boundaries don’t coincide Problem: how to disaggregate data from the neighbourhood level to the postcode level

21. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 21 Exercise 4.3.3 Part of the Municipality of Enschede, showing the boundaries of the neighbourhoods (thin lines) and postcode 4 level boundaries (thick lines)

22. 4.3.4 Spatial Data Integration 22 Most Frequent Problems in the Development of a GIS