1. Intro to the Middle Ages

2. Understanding Terms Medieval?

3. Understanding Terms Medieval –Comes from Latin, medium aevum –…of, relating to, or characteristic of the Middle Ages… –Exhibiting the severity or illiberality ascribed to a former age; cruel, barbarous. –U.S. to get medieval : to use violence or extreme measures on, to become aggressive.

4. Understanding Terms Medieval Why do they call it Middle Ages?

5. Understanding Terms Medieval Why do they call it Middle Ages? A Backward-Looking Construct

6. Understanding Terms Medieval Why do they call it Middle Ages? A Backward-Looking Construct –During the Middle Ages

7. Understanding Terms Medieval Why do they call it Middle Ages? A Backward-Looking Construct –During the Middle Ages –Birth of an idea

8. Understanding Terms Medieval Why do they call it Middle Ages? A Backward-Looking Construct –During the Middle Ages –Birth of an idea –Connotations… Protestant Reformation Enlightenment Today

9. As Historians Decentralized Political Structure Christianity Decline and Revival of Trade Evolution (Transformation?) of an Economic System

10. Periodization Part I –Early Middle Ages (Dark Ages): 500-1000 –Late Antiquity: 300-800 –Reconciling

11. Periodization Part I –Early Middle Ages (Dark Ages): 500-1000 –Late Antiquity: 300-800 –Reconciling Part II, High Middle Ages: 1000-1300 Part III, Late Middle Ages: 1300-1500

12. Continuity into EMA Romanized Barbarians

13. Continuity into EMA Romanized Barbarians Embrace Roman Customs Continued growth of Christian Church Continued Social Structure

14. Decline/Change in EMA Political Decentralizaton

15. Decline/Change in EMA Political Decentralizaton Depopulation

16. Decline/Change in EMA Political Decentralizaton Depopulation Decline of Cities

17. Decline/Change in EMA Political Decentralizaton Depopulation Decline of Cities Decline of Intellectual Activity

18. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov.  Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces  Stimulates their econ. a

19. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Getting goods to market? A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov.  Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces  Stimulates their econ. a

20. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Role of the imperial govt? Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces  Stimulates their econ. a

21. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov.  Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Econ. Impact of legions? a

22. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods Size of the consumer mkt? Imp. Gov.  Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces  Stimulates their econ. a

23. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov.  Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces  Stimulates their econ. a How do we know? Coins Roof Tiles Pottery

24. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov.  Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces  Stimulates their econ. a How do we know? Coins Roof Tiles Pottery

25. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov.  Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces  Stimulates their econ. Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses  ? Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ. a

26. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov.  Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces  Stimulates their econ. Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses Impact on another part of the emp’s econ? a

27. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov.  Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces  Stimulates their econ. Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ. a

28. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov.  Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces  Stimulates their econ. German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ. a

29. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov.  Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces  Stimulates their econ. Lost imp. $ as army dissolves Most obvious effect? N. prov. econ’s  after 400 due to: German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ. a

30. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov.  Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces  Stimulates their econ. Econ. Impact as army dissolves? Violence & turmoil disrupt trade N. prov. econ’s  after 400 due to: German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ. a

31. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov.  Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces  Stimulates their econ. Lost imp. $ as army dissolves Violence & turmoil disrupt trade N. prov. econ’s  after 400 due to: German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ. a

32. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov.  Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces  Stimulates their econ. Lost resources & mkts in N. prov’s Italy no longer getting imper. taxes When gov fails? W. Med. econ.  after 500 due to: Lost imp. $ as army dissolves Violence & turmoil disrupt trade N. prov. econ’s  after 400 due to: German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ. a

33. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov.  Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces  Stimulates their econ. Econ. impact of lost N. prov’s? Italy no longer getting imper. taxes No imperial govt. to maintain roads & protect trade W. Med. econ.  after 500 due to: Lost imp. $ as army dissolves Violence & turmoil disrupt trade N. prov. econ’s  after 400 due to: German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ. a

34. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov.  Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces  Stimulates their econ. No imperial govt. to maintain roads & protect trade W. Med. econ.  after 500 due to: Lost imp. $ as army dissolves Violence & turmoil disrupt trade N. prov. econ’s  after 400 due to: German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ. a Lost resources & mkts in N. prov’s

35. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov.  Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces  Stimulates their econ. Lost resources & mkts in N. prov’s Italy no longer getting imper. taxes No imperial govt. to maintain roads & protect trade Lost imp. $ as army dissolves Violence & turmoil disrupt trade N. prov. econ’s  after 400 due to: German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ. a W. Med. econ.  after 500 due to:

36. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov.  Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces  Stimulates their econ. Lost resources & mkts in N. prov’s Italy no longer getting imper. taxes No imperial govt. to maintain roads & protect trade Plague + Persian, Slav, Avar, & Arab attacks (FC.44) Lost imp. $ as army dissolves Violence & turmoil disrupt trade N. prov. econ’s  after 400 due to: German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ. a W. Med. econ.  after 500 due to:

37. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov.  Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces  Stimulates their econ. Lost resources & mkts in N. prov’s Italy no longer getting imper. taxes No imperial govt. to maintain roads & protect trade W. Med. econ.  after 500 due to: Plague + Persian, Slav, Avar, & Arab attacks (FC.44) Lost imp. $ as army dissolves Violence & turmoil disrupt trade N. prov. econ’s  after 400 due to: Lost markets in W. Mediterranean Lost provinces, trade & taxes Aegean econ’s  after 600 due to: German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ. a

38. FC.41.1 THE COLLAPSE OF ROME’S “GLOBAL” ECONOMY (c.400-700) Peaceful conditions of Pax Romana (FC.33) Skilled specialized labor mass producing excellent but cheap goods Thriving trade & highly specialized & interdependent econ. based on: Sophist. network of transp. & trade to move & distribute goods A large & wide-spread consumer mkt. Imp. Gov.  Coins, rds, etc. to sustain trade Imp. Gov.pays legions in N frontier provinces  Stimulates their econ. Lost resources & mkts in N. prov’s Italy no longer getting imper. taxes No imperial govt. to maintain roads & protect trade W. Med. econ.  after 500 due to: Plague + Persian, Slav, Avar, & Arab attacks (FC.44) Lost imp. $ as army dissolves Violence & turmoil disrupt trade N. prov. econ’s  after 400 due to: Lost markets in W. Mediterranean Lost provinces, trade & taxes Aegean econ’s  after 600 due to: German. invasions in W Emp after 400 (FC.36) Weakens the whole economy & its indiv. parts needing that area’s goods & mkts When 1 area in the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent economic system collapses Collapse of part of the empire’s highly specialized & interdependent econ. a Collapse of political order in W. Europe after 800 (FC.41)

39. Conclusion Political and Economic Disintegration –Atomized Society –Margins of World History New Center of Mass